166 PROFESSOR RUTHERFORD ON THE 
ACTION OF GAMBOGE. 
Experiment 22. Dog that had fasted eighteen hours. Weight 48 kilogrammes. 
—8 cc. of bile and 3 cc. of water were injected into the duodenum at 6 (fig. 22), 
Previously to this there was, considering 
the small size of the dog, a large secre- 
tion of bile. The increased secretion 
which followed the injection was probably 
owing to the action of the bile. Twenty 
grains of gamboge in the same quantity of 
bile and water were given at g, and 40 
ee Core ndhaigine. id eae 
duedenum at 5; 20 grains gamboge at g, and our after the first dose there was a de- 
40 grains at ¢’, in the same fluid injected into Cided acceleration of the biliary flow, but 
in an hour afterwards it had temporarily 
sunk nearly to zero. If the mean be taken, it will be found that the increase 
of secretion was so slight that it might have been due to the bile that was given 
with the gamboge. On the whole, therefore, it can scarcely be said that the 
amount of bile secreted was increased by the gamboge, and certainly the next 
experiment lent no support to such a view of the matter. 
Necropsy.—There was great redness of the mucous membrane in the upper 
half of the small intestine. There was evidence of profuse hydrocatharsis in 
this portion of the gut. Some of the gamboge had passed into the stomach, 
the mucous membrane of which was somewhat reddened. 
Experiment 23. Dog that had fasted nineteen hours. Weight 8 kilogrammes. 
—1 ce. of bile and 2 cc. of water were injected into the duodenum at 6 (fig. 28) ; 
4 grains of gamboge in 
0-2 cc. of bile and 2 ce. 
of water were injected 
at g,g’,andg”. Atg’”, 
9g, g’, twice the amount 
of gamboge was given in 
Fig. 23.—Secretion of bile before and after gamboge. (See text.) the same fluid. The in- 
crease in the bile-secre- 
tion after the first dose was triflmg. The chief result of the experiment was 
diminution of the secretion. 
Necropsy.—There was profuse hydrocatharsis in the smallintestine. There 
was no very noteworthy increase in the vascularity of the mucous membrane. 
In Experiment 23 a smaller quantity of bile was given than in Experiment 
22, in order to eliminate, as far as possible, its stimulating effect on the liver ; 
23 is therefore a better experiment than 22. 
