196 PROFESSOR RUTHERFORD ON THE 
TABLE XX VI.—Composition of the Bile before and after Sodium Phosphate. 
Experiment 51. Before. After. 
Water, 5 : ; 3 : ; : : . : 84:69 85:15 
Bile-acids, pigments, cholesterin, fats, : : 13:23 12:91 
Mucus, ; ' ; ‘ ; ; , : : ; 107. 0:93 
Ash, . ’ : : : ; ; ‘ : : 1:07 1-01 
100-00 100-00 
Velocity of secretion per half-hour, . ; : ; ; 3:6 ce. Eeaeas 
Results of Experiments with Sodium Phosphate.—1. This substance is a 
powerful hepatic stimulant. 2. Although it renders the bile more watery, it 
increases the amount of biliary matter secreted per unit of time. 3. Itisa 
moderately powerful intestinal stimulant, and, while acting as a purgative, it 
irritates the intestinal mucous membrane very slightly. 
The results of Experiment 47 were so satisfactory—both doses of the sub- 
stance producing an effect—that it was thought needless to repeat it, as it 
confirms Dr STEPHENSoN’s observations on the human subject, adding to these, 
however, the definite knowledge that it has the power of actually increasing the 
flow of the bile, and that it does so by stimulating the hepatic cells. 
It will be shown by Experiment 65 that ammonium phosphate is also a 
powerful hepatic stimulant. 
ACTION OF SODIUM SULPHATE. 
Works on therapeutics generally make no mention of any cholagogue action 
of this substance. In the fourth edition of GARRop’s Materia Medica, however, 
it is stated that, in addition to its action as a saline purgative, it ‘“ probably 
influences the biliary secretion.” 240 to 480 grains is the dose for a man. 
Experiment 48. Dog that had fasted nineteen hours. Weight 19°5 kilo- 
grammes (fig. 48).—12 cc. water injected into duodenum at w. 60 grains 
sodium sulphate in 12 cc. water injected at s, and again at s’. 
Necropsy.— Evidence of decided purgative action: in small intestine, the 
mucous membrane of which exhibited a considerably increased vascularity. 
Experiment 484. Dog that had fasted twenty hours. Weight 15:7 kilo- 
grammes (fig. 484).—3 cc. bile and 5 cc. water—heated to 37° C.—injected 
