PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTION OF DRUGS ON THE SECRETION OF BILE. 231 
into the duodenum at m. So far from any increase of the bile-secretion resulting, 
there was a decided fall, the secretion coming nearly to a standstill. The weak 
pulse of the animal suggested that collapse had been occasioned by the drug, 
and the necropsy fully confirmed the idea that too much had been given. The 
fall of secretion, however, was in the first instance indirectly due to the effects 
of the powerful purgation that was induced, though the very low secretion at 
the close was, in all probability, due to collapse. 
Necropsy.—Evidence of powerful purgation in the upper third of small 
intestine. Very violent irritation of the mucous membrane of this region of 
the gut, the surface of which was covered with a yellowish-white pulpy 
matter, as if the epithelium had been dissolved by a caustic alkali. 
Experiment 70. Dog that had fasted eighteen hours. Weight 17:7 
kilogrammes (fig. 70).—As the dose in the previous case had evidently been 
too large, only 20 grains of manganese sulphate were given, in the same 
manner as before, in this instance (m). But there was not the slightest rise in 
the bile-secretion ; on the contrary, there was a decided fall, as is the rule 
under the influence of a substance that produces 
purgation without exciting the liver. It now 
came to be the question, Would the bile-secre- 
tion rise in spite of the purgative drain from 
the portal vein, if a hepatic stimulant were 
administered? To determine this, 21 grains of 
sodium benzoate in 15 cc. of water were in- 
jected into the duodenum at s; and, in spite of 
the disadvantageous circumstance of its being 
introduced into a column of intestinal juice 
actively being secreted, it excited the liver to 
secrete more bile, showing that the liver could 
be excited by a substance possessed of the pro-— 
Fig. 70.—Secretion of bile before and 
: aftermanganese sulphate and sodium 
perty of so doing. benconte. 20 grains of manganese 
es : ‘ 7 a sulphate in 15 cc. of water injected 
NeEcropsy.—Copious watery purgation through into the duodenum at m; 21 Paine 
out the whole length of small intestine, whose Gi eoer* Deurdate uu Ubiee. ob water 
injected at s. 
mucous membrane was, however, scarcely at all 
reddened. The dose had, therefore, been efficient as an intestinal, but not as a 
hepatic, stimulant. 
Results of Experiments with Manganese Sulphate—Experiments 69 and 70 
entirely bear out the statement that manganese sulphate is an intestinal 
stimulant, but lend no support to the idea that it is a hepatic stimulant. The 
effect on the biliary secretion is, indeed, similar to that of magnesium sulphate 
(Experiments 18 and 19), or any other purely intestinal stimulant ; that is, it 
diminishes the biliary secretion, probably by draining the portal system. Yet 
