238 PROFESSOR RUTHERFORD ON THE 
fistulae (when therefore the bile was discharged into the intestine), the drug set 
up profuse diarrhoea, while in dogs with biliary fistule: there was no diarrhea, 
The significance of this fact struck no one at the time, but the experiments 
hereafter to be detailed furnish what is probably the true explanation (see p. 
244). The committee further found (Op. ci. p. 214) that when calomel was 
administered to dogs with permanent biliary fistule in doses of one-twelfth 
of a grain given from six to fourteen times daily, and in doses of 2 grains from 
two to six times daily, it did not increase the biliary secretion, nor did it pro- 
duce purgation ; but when 
given in doses of 10 grains 
once a day, it produced pur- 
gation and diminished the 
biliary secretion. More 
recently experiments were 
performed by Rouric (Op. 
Fig. 75.—Secretion of bile before and after calomel given without bile. 10 ; ps 
grains calomel in 7 ce. water injected into duodenum at c, and again VI. Dp. 254), who found by 
BC. 
the method of temporary 
| am ce 
| Experiment 75. fistula, that when “ calomel 
| | was administered to dogs 
| | | . 5 . 
Secretion of bile | | Secretion of bile In large doses (20 grains), it 
| Secretion of bile | per kilogramme || Secretion of bile | per kilogramme 
| per 15”. of dog: per per 15”. of dog: per rarely happened that the 
| hour. hour. ‘ c 
i secretion of bile was re- 
ga de called after it had come to 
. 0°45 . . . 
nae ) 0-45 / a standstill, although it in- 
ad ae i 0103 ce ans ered creased the secretion when it 
og | cae was only diminishing.” The 
: od | | . = . . ae 
ee boon H peek bons ce. imperfections of RéuRIG’s 
oe | He method render such a state- 
Aigo ) eeu \ 0116 cc. ment of very little value. 
2 | > 0102 ce A ‘9 & 
pee j med Our method of experiment 
o 
ale ) oe pre fou i being better adapted to 
« 0° - 
0-40 f fe 0-40 afford accurate data, we 
160 
hy L _ shih accordingly performed the 
following experiments :— 
Experiment 75. Dog that had fasted eighteen hours. Weight 19°6 kilo- 
grammes (fig. 75).—10 grains of calomel in 7 cc. water were injected into the 
duodenum at ¢, and the same dose was repeated at c’. 
Necropsy.—There was evidence of a profuse purgative effect, the small 
intestine containing a large quantity of a thick greyish fluid with greenish 
flakes. The mucous membrane was pale throughout the greater part of its 
extent, but at intervals in the duodenum there were limited areas of redness. 
