PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF DRUGS ON THE SECRETION OF BILE. 255 
31. Atropia sulphate antagonises the effect of Calabar bean on the liver, 
and thereby reduces the hypersecretion of bile produced by that substance. It 
does not, however, arrest the secretion of bile, and, when given alone, does not 
notably affect it. 
32. Menispermin does not stimulate the liver. It slightly stimulates the 
intestinal glands. 
33. Baptisin is a hepatic and also an intestinal stimulant of considerable 
power. 
34, Phytolaccin is a powerful hepatic stimulant. It also slightly stimulates 
the intestinal glands. 
35. Hydrastin is a moderately powerful stimulant of the liver and a feeble 
stimulant of the intestine. 
36. Juglandin is a moderately powerful hepatic and a mild intestinal 
stimulant. 
37. Sodium benzoate is a powerful hepatic stimulant. It is not an 
intestinal stimulant. 
38. Ammonium benzoate stimulates the liver, but not quite so powerfully 
as the sodium salt of benzoic acid. It does not stimulate the intestinal glands. 
39. Benzoic acid stimulates the liver, but, owing to its insolubility, its 
action is less rapid and much less powerful than that of its alkaline salts. 
40. Sodium salicylate is a very powerful stimulant of the liver, but a very 
slight stimulant of the intestinal glands. 
41. Ammonium phosphate is a powerful stimulant of the liver. It does 
not stimulate the intestinal glands. 
42. Tannic acid does not affect the secretion of bile. 
43. Acetate of lead, in large doses, somewhat lessens the secretion of bile, 
probably by a direct action on the liver. 
44, Jaborandi is a very feeble hepatic stimulant. 
45. Sulphate of manganese does not excite the liver, but it is a powerful 
stimulant of the intestine. 
46. Morphia has no appreciable effect on the secretion of bile, and does not 
prevent the stimulating effect of such a substance as sodium salicylate. 
47. Hyoscyamus does not affect the biliary secretion to any noteworthy 
extent, and does not interfere with the stimulating effect of sodium salicylate. 
48. Pure diluted alcohol does not affect the biliary secretion. 
49. Calomel stimulates the intestinal glands, but not the liver. 
50. Mercuric chloride (corrosive sublimate) is a powerful hepatic, but a 
feeble intestinal stimulant. When mercuric chloride and calomel are ad- 
ministered together, both the liver and the intestinal glands are stimulated. 
51. The injection of 100 cc. (1543 grains) of water into the duodenum gives 
rise to only a trifling increase of the bile-secretion (Experiment 7). 
