ON THE ANATOMY OF THE NORTHERN BELUGA. 397 
surface present numcrous little depressions resembling pin holes, which become 
much larger toward the root of the organ. These openings, which are also 
present in numbers on the region of the cheek, indicate the ducts of numerous 
mucous glands which lie inmediately underneath the mucous membrane. The 
tongue of Beluga does not appear to differ much from that of other toothed 
whales. In Globiocephalus intermedius, according to MACALISTER,* not only the 
tip, but also the margins of the organ are free, whereas in Beluga the latter are 
attached along nearly their whole length. Dr Muriet refers to the presence 
of a distinct froenum in Globiocephalus melas, but this structure is not recog- 
nisable in Beluga. In respect of the very close attachment of the tongue to 
the sides and floor of the mouth, Beluga appears to approach the whalebone 
whales, in which the organ is perfectly immobile, and to differ in various 
degrees from the other toothed species, in nearly all of which greater mobility 
is conferred upon this organ than in the white whale. The presence of fringe- 
like processes of mucous membrane on the margins of the tongue did not escape 
the notice of Professor Wyman{ in Beluga. They appear to be somewhat 
exceptional among the Cetacea. Dr Jacxson,§ however, speaks of the tongue 
of the sperm whale as being provided anteriorly with “numerous fissures and 
granulations,” an arrangement which appears to resemble closely that described 
above in Beluga. Their presence is also recorded by Dr Murie|| in Lageno- 
rhynchus albirostris. 
Salivary Glands.—The presence of these is doubtful. At the same time, it 
is well to state that we detected an apparently glandular body which occupied 
the usual position of the sub-maxillary gland. In size it resembled the gland 
of the same name in the human subject, and what we took to be a duct could 
be traced upward into the muscular substance of the tongue. The unsatisfac- 
tory condition of the parts, however, prevented its termination being clearly 
defined. Maca.isTer 1 searched in vain for any trace of a salivary gland in 
Globiocephalus, but a rudimentary parotid was noticed by him in, Balenoptera 
rostrata.** 
Tonsil and Uvula.—On opening the pharynx no trace of either of these 
structures could be distinguished. Such is also the case according to Muri tt 
and Macatister {{ in Globiocephalus melas. 
Pharynx.—The muscular wall of the pharnyx is separable into three 
distinct constrictors. The superior constrictor consists of two planes of fibres, 
readily separable one from another. These may be distinguished as the 
superficial and the deep. The swper/icial fibres arise in front of the blow hole, 
but, unfortunately, their exact attachment to the bone could not be made out, 
* Tp. 230. ; IL p. 251. + ILL. p. 610. § IV. p. 140. 
Hove pe tia: .. @ VI. p. 480. Pe Lop. 222. t+ ILip. 253. 
tt VI. p. 478. 
VOL. XXIX, PART I. OK 
