400 DR MORRISON WATSON AND MR ALFRED H. YOUNG 
the ruminant extends from the cesophageal opening to the psalterium ; it is 
so arranged as to form the inferior lip of the cardiac aperture and the superior 
lip of that between the first and second stomachs. The mucous lining of the 
first compartment is thick, and apparently devoid of glands. Its epithelial 
coat is corneous, and thrown into numerous anastomosing ruge, which are 
irregularly disposed, and together present an arrangement not unlike that of 
the cerebral convolutions. This convoluted appearance of the mucous mem- 
brane is most distinctly marked toward the base of the stomach, and dis- 
appears altogether at its apex, the lining membrane in the latter situation 
being uniformly smooth and destitute of ruge. The mucous membrane lining 
the channel of communication between the first and second stomachs is similar 
in character to that just described, but changes abruptly so soon as it enters the 
latter, where it assumes a soft and glandular character. 
The second gastric compartment is provided with two apertures. Of these 
the first is situated on its left wall, an inch and a half from the cesophageal 
orifice, and opens up a communication between the first and second stomachs. 
It is of size sufficient to admit of the passage of two fingers. By means of the 
second opening, which is situated on the right wall of the cavity, three inches 
from its posterior extremity, the second communicates with the third com- 
partment. ‘This orifice is circular in form, and its diameter does not exceed 
half an inch. The mucous membrane of the second cavity is thick, soft, and 
glandular in character. It is thrown into several colossal ruge, the largest of 
which measures one inch in height. They are more pronounced on the inferior 
and left than on the superior and right walls of the cavity, and are soft, glan- 
dular, and non-corneous, differing in these respects from the corresponding 
structures of the first compartment. They follow an irregularly serpentine 
course, giving off numerous secondary folds, the result being a generally con- 
voluted arrangement of the mucous membrane not unlike that which we have 
described in the first stomach, but rather more open in character. 
The third compartment is not recognisable externally. According to Dr 
Morig,* it is to be regarded simply as a canal of communication between the 
~ second and third (our fourth) stomachs. To us, for reasons to be presently stated, 
it appears to form a true subdivision of the stomach, and we shall describe it as 
such. It is situated between second and fourth compartments, and measures 3 
inches in length and 2} in greatest breadth. It is provided with two apertures, 
of which one, already described, is placed upon its left wall one inch behind — 
its anterior cul-de-sac, and communicates with the second stomach; whilst 
the other, situated on the posterior extremity of the cavity, measures 4+ of 
an inch in diameter, and communicates with the compartment on its right. 
The mucous membrane is soft and smooth, resembling in these respects 
* IL p. 258, 
