FROM WEST PAKISTAN 45 



Diagnosis. A large Hermanites with well-developed slightly curved dorsal and 

 ventral ridges. Subcentral-tubercle prominent with three small curved longitudinal 

 ridges behind. 



Holotype. Io. 4336, a carapace. 



Material. Only one specimen from the locality and horizon below. 



Type locality. Rakhi Nala section. 



Type horizon. Gorge Beds, sample no. 3111. 



Description. Carapace large, massive, subrectangular in lateral view. Greatest 

 length through the mid-point, greatest height through the anterior cardinal angle and 

 greatest width in the posterior third. Dorsal and ventral margins almost straight, 

 anterior broadly and evenly rounded, posterodorsal margin very slightly concave, 

 posteroventral margin and posterior extremity rounded. Anterior cardinal angle 

 well-developed particularly in the left valve. Left valve slightly over-reaches the 

 right at the anterior cardinal angle and posterodorsal slope. Subcentral tubercle 

 prominent. Eye-tubercle rounded and distinct and with a rounded groove in front, 

 particularly in the left valve. Marginal rim high in the anterior but somewhat less 

 high in the posterior and venter. Surface coarsely reticulate with well-marked, 

 dorsal and ventral ridges ; the dorsal ridge commences above the subcentral-tubercle 

 and is slightly curved convexly upwards ; the ventral ridge slopes obliquely upward 

 towards posterior and then curves sharply round towards posteroventral margin 

 in posterior quarter. There are three short curved longitudinal ridges behind the 

 subcentral-tubercle, the bottom one being the shortest. Anterior and posterior 

 margins spinose — -anterior with numerous small spines but posterior with few 

 larger spines. 



Dimensions (mm). 



L H W 



Io. 4336 Carapace 0-95 0-51 0-51 



Comparison. Hermanites palmatus sp. nov. is much smaller, has the dorsal and 

 ventral ridges joined posteriorly by a transverse ridge and the ridges in front of the 

 subcentral-tubercle have a palmate appearance. 



Remarks. So far only one specimen of this species has been recovered from the 

 Gorge Beds of the Rakhi Nala section, where it occurs in association with Alocopocy- 

 there rupina sp. nov. and Buntonia devexa sp. nov. 



Hermanites scopus sp. nov. 

 (Plate 23, figs. 4-10) 



Derivation of name. Latin scopus, target ; in allusion to the fancied resem- 

 blance of the ornamentation to a bull's-eye. 



Diagnosis. A species of the genus Hermanites in which ventral ridge curves down- 

 ward in the middle and is joined by a short vertical ridge at its posterior end ; surface 



