298 
L.M.B.C. MEM@ii=s 
No. ILI. “ECHINGS: 
BY 
EH. -C. “CHADWICK: 
THE common sea-urchin, Hchinus esculentus, 1s the edible 
Echinoid well-known to marine zoologists as the Hchinus 
sphera of Forbes’s ‘‘ History of British Starfishes.” It 
is found all around the British islands wherever a rocky 
or stony bottom and an abundant growth of Fucus and 
Laminaria provide its favourite haunt. It occurs also in 
the North Sea and the Mediterranean, off Port Natal, and 
op the John Adams Bank off the coast of Brazil. Its 
vertical range is from low-water mark down to 110 fathoms. 
In the L.M.B.C. district it is common on the Anglesey 
coast, and especially so off the south end of the Isle of 
Man. In Port Erin Bay it may be collected by hand on 
the beach, and on the ruined breakwater at low-water of 
spring tides; and it is seldom that a haul of the dredge is 
taken without one or more specimens being included. It 
does not appear to be used as food in any part of the 
district. 
THE EXTERIOR AND THE TEST. 
The test of an adult specimen is more or less pentagonal 
when viewed from above, the corners being gently rounded. 
In profile it is usually well rounded, but in some specimens 
