334 TRANSACTIONS LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
and contain a few chloroplasts and a delicate protoplasmic 
lining. They do not, indeed, differ from the general 
hyphe, of which the main mass of the plant is composed. 
Hach has a definite and fairly thick wall, and several 
nuclei in the peripheral lining of protoplasm. The rhiz- 
oidal, as well as the medullary hyphe, are sub-divided at 
intervals by the formation of annular thickenings on the 
inside of the walls. The annulus gradually increases until 
the lumen is completely occluded. Such occlusion is 
figured at fig: 2, PL 1.; figs. 10- and 14, Pl Ey meow 
13; and 19> Pl i | 
The chloroplasts in the plant generally are very minute 
and extremely numerous, and usually associated in strings 
or clusters, especially in the lateral palisade branches. 
The nuclei, described first by Arcangeli (Sul alcune 
Alghe del gruppo delle Celoblastee, Nuova gior. bot., 
VI.), but not known to him as nuclei, have been the 
subject of investigation by Schmitz (Sitz. d. natur. Gesell. 
zu Halle, 1878) and Berthold (Zur Kenntnis der Sipho- 
neen und Bangiaceen, Mitt. Zool. Stat. Neapel, 1880). 
We have not ourselves followed the division of the nuclei, 
and so incorporate a brief abstract of Berthold’s obser- 
vations. 
Berthold studied the division of the nuclei in the 
palisade ‘‘cells’’ where, in the basal region, owing to the 
small number of chloroplasts, they can be easily made 
out. He found them to be much flattened, oval or ellip- 
tical in outline, and sometimes pointed at one end. Hach 
contains two or three nucleo. The nuclei are usually 
about 15 » in length and 6 p broad, and each possesses a 
clearly defined nuclear membrane. Berthold was unable 
to study the very earliest stages in the division, but the 
phenomena observed from an early stage to the end of the 
division occupied from 3 to 4 hours. During the entire 
