PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS. "21 



nerves, blood vessels, and internal viscera. The brain 

 follows the same law, and embryological resemblances 

 are still more remarkable. Rudimentary organs in man 

 can be accounted for on no other hypothesis than that 

 they were of use to a progenitor, and are only intelligible 

 on the supposition that man is co-descendant with other 

 mammals of some unknown lower form. 



After quoting Huxley, who has been aptly called by 

 Clodd the Apostle Paul of the Darwinian movement, to 

 the effect that in every visible character, "man differs 

 less from the higher apes than these do from the lower 

 members of the same order of primates." Darwin devotes 

 the third chapter to showing that " there is no funda- 

 mental difference between man and the higher mammals 

 in their mental faculties." 



"The difference is not slight," he says, "in moral 

 disposition between a barbarian, such as the man 

 described by the old navigator Byron, who dashed his 

 child on the rocks for dropping a basket of sea urchins, 

 and a Howard or a Clarkson ; and in intellect between a 

 savage, who uses hardly any abstract terms, and a Newton 

 or Shakespeare. Differences of this kind between the 

 highest men of the highest races and the lowest savages 

 are connected by the finest gradations. Therefore, it is 

 possible that they might pass and be developed into each 

 other." 



Man, having by whatever means become endowed with 

 high mental faculties, he is, through their exercise, enabled 

 to keep with an "unchanged body in harmony with the 

 changing universe." To again quote Darwin — " He has 

 great power of adapting his habits to new conditions of 

 life. He invents weapons and tools, and employs various 

 stratagems to procure food and to defend himself. When 

 he migrates into a colder climate he uses clothes, builds 



