168 TRANSACTIONS LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



wedged in, and connected by ligament with the meso- 

 pterygoid and the palatine, as in Sehastolobus.'f 



Palatine (Pa.). — A curved rod largely of bone, but 

 partly of cartilage. Its posterior half is partly cartila- 

 ginous and is closely connected with the meso-pterygoid, 

 pterygoid, and the anterior angle on the base of the ptery- 

 goid. Its anterior half is bony except at the extremity, 

 which bears a cartilaginous cap attached by ligament to a 

 dorso-posterior elevation on the maxilla. The palatine 

 sends down opposite the anterior end of the meso-ptery- 

 goid a rounded process which is strongly attached to the 

 enlarged anterior extremity of the vomer, and apparently 

 also to the ventral process of the pre-frontal as described 

 by Brooksf in the Haddock. In the natural disposition of 

 the bones the palatine lies internal to the maxilla. 



Eyeless Side. 



Hyomandibular. — Much smaller and less densely 

 calcified, and is altogether an obviously feebler bone, 

 although the ball and socket articulation with the skull, 

 whilst slightly smaller, is yet deeper and stronger. The 

 cartilaginous cap for the inter-hyal is also present on this 

 side. 



Symplectic. — Considerably shorter, but more robust, 

 and has only a cartilaginous wedge at its upper extremity. 



Quadrate. — Slightly shorter but wider antero- 

 posteriorly and more densely calcified, especially at its 

 free ventral extremity. Its dorso-anterior margin is, 

 however, cartilaginous where it articulates with the meta- 

 pterygoid. 



Meta-pterygoid. — Somewhat shorter and narrower, 



| Starks, Proc. Californian Acad. Sci., ser. iii., vol. i., 1898. 

 J Sci. Proc. Pv.'Soc, Dublin, iv., 1884. 



