202 TRANSACTIONS LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



the dorsal fin and 46 in the anal. Thus, although the 

 physiological result is the -same, the means by which it 

 has been arrived at do not exhibit a serial agreement. 



11. — Pectoral Girdle and Fin (Fig. 8). 



Clavicle (CL). — A large curved bone. The upper part 

 or handle is the stoutest and bears a thin lamina behind 

 for the articulation of the post-clavicle. The cuter face 

 dorsally is flattened for the reception of the supra-clavicle. 

 Below, the clavicle is connected in the mid-ventral line 

 with the clavicle of the other side by a long symphysis. 



Post-clayicle (P.CL). — A long thin curved bone 

 articulating above by its upper enlarged extremity with 

 the clavicle, and for the rest lying freely in the superficial 

 muscles under the pectoral fin. Its position is partly indi- 

 cated externally by a scar on the skin. In one specimen 

 examined the post-clavicle was double, the two pieces 

 uniting, however, at the clavicular articulation. Accord- 

 ing to Cunningham's figure this bone is not present in the 

 Sole. 



Supra-clavicle (S.CL). — A small triangular bone, thin 

 below but stouter above. Ventrally it overlaps the 

 clavicle, and above it is overlapped by the post-temporal. 

 Its upper extremity bears a prominent cartilaginous knob, 

 which fits into a deep pit on the inner face of the post- 

 temporal. 



Post-temporal (P.Tp.). — This bone, sometimes called 

 the " supra-scapula," differs from the usual Teleostean 

 type in so far as there are only moderate indications of the 

 forking, and there is only one direct articulation with the 

 skull. Above and in front there is a prominent articula- 

 tion (representing the upper or epiotic limb of the post- 

 temporal) with the pterotic and epiotic. Somewhat below 

 this, and also in front, is a moderate elevation (represent- 



