304 TRANSACTIONS LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



pass together through, a special foramen in the ventral 

 edge of the alisphenoid into the eye muscle canal. The 

 cord from the second ganglion also enters the canal by 

 the same foramen. Before reaching the ciliary ganglion 

 the profundus nerve separates from the sympathetic as the 

 Ramus ciliaris longus (see profundus nerve), but some 

 fibres are dispatched from it to accompany the sympathetic 

 to the ganglion as the Radix longa. The ciliary ganglion 

 itself (cil. g.) is closely attached above to the main trunk 

 of the oculomotorius, after the latter has given off the 

 nerve to the rectus superior. The Radix brevis therefore 

 is exceedingly short {roc. b.). From the ciliary ganglion 

 in front arises the R. ciliaris brevis (cil. b.). This passes 

 forwards in the eye muscle canal, accompanying the main 

 trunk of the oculomotorius, until the latter breaks up. It 

 then courses under the lower or right optic nerve as a 

 conspicuous bundle, enters the eye ball with it, and there- 

 after passes downwards and forwards towards the iris. 



As regards now the eyeless or left side, the sym- 

 pathetic nervous system, like the nervous system 

 generally, is not so well developed. This is especially 

 noticeable in the ganglia, which are perceptibly smaller 

 than those of the other side. In front, the disturbance 

 of the symmetry has dragged the sympathetic over to the 

 ocular side. Generally speaking, however, the left side 

 resembles the right in all essential respects, but the fol- 

 lowing differences may be mentioned. 



In the spinal sympathetic the seventh ganglion (?') 

 is in two parts, R. communicans vi. (com. vi.) is separated 

 from its ganglion (6 r ), and R. communicans v. {com. v.) is 

 situated between a large and a small ganglion (b' and b"). 

 Ganglion 2 gives off externally a large nerve which passes 

 backwards and downwards to the kidney. R. communi- 

 cans ii. (com. it.) is single, but the first (com. ?'.) is however 



