432 TRANSACTIONS LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



the author of the species, the " sp." in this case implying 

 that Linnaeus was responsible for the specific name only. 



Chondrus crisjnis grows very plentifully along our sea- 

 coast, as long as the sea bottom is rocky. It is usually 

 left dry at low tide, when it can be easily obtained. It 

 much resembles Gigartina mammillosa, from which plant 

 it is, however, easily distinguished when in fruit, but not 

 so easily when sterile. Gigartina mammillosa nearly 

 always has the margins of the thallus lobes slightly rolled 

 in. Chondrus crisjnis will probably be recognised fairly 

 well by referring to our Plate I. It should be carefully 

 separated from Gigartina mammillosa, Gymnogongrus nor- 

 vegicus and Phyllophora membranifolia. 



A few remarks may not be out of place here on the 

 collection of material and its preparation for the herbarium 

 and the microscope. 



All material collected for an examination of the 

 external morphology or the internal structure should be 

 gathered fresh. Plants thrown up after a gale are usually 

 in poor condition. A glass jar should be taken on every 

 shore collecting expedition, into which the plants should 

 be put, immersed in sea water, as soon as they have been 

 removed from the substratum. The latter can be clone 

 with a knife, or a bit of the rock may be chipped off. The 

 water in the jar should not be allowed to get too warm. 



The height at which the plants were collected should 

 be noted, also the nature of the substratum, and also 

 whether the plants were growing exposed on the bare face 

 of the rock or in pools. 



In the laboratory the alg&e should be kept in a dark, 

 cool place. It is usually sufficient to put the jars under 

 the working table. Proper cultures may be set up, and 

 kept for many years, by putting a few seaweeds in a good 

 sized jar, keeping the temperature of the water low and 



