MARINE BIOLOGICAL STATION AT POET ERIN. 139 



Figs. 39 and 40 show the two sides of Roolwer's 

 Cross, Maughold, which Mr. Kermode believes was set up 

 to the memory of Hrolfr, a Scandinavian who, as 

 " Eoolwer," is recorded in Chronicon Mannise as being 

 Bishop in Man about 1050. 



Fig. 41 is the slab from Corna with the runic inscrip- 

 tion carved by John-o'-the-sheep referred to above. The 

 similar example of runes " writ by John the Priest " is 

 unfortunately too large to be reproduced on our page. A 

 figure of it will be found in Mr. Kermode's paper in 

 " The Reliquary " for July, 1902. 



The most notable ancient structures of 'the Historic 

 Period are the Castles of Peel and Pushen. With respect 

 to the former, which stands on St. Patrick's Isle, about 

 7-| acres in extent, we have already referred to the mound 

 near the centre of the islet as having possibly been a 

 stronghold since neolithic times. The first buildings 

 of stone would probably be the originals of the 

 Chapels of St. Patrick and St. German, and, next to 

 these, perhaps, the Pound Tower on the highest part of 

 the Island. The upper part of the latter has apparently 

 been rebuilt in mediaeval days, but it is likely that it was 

 never much higher than now, resembling in this respect 

 the Towers at Turlough and Dromiskin, in Louth. It is 

 50 feet high, the circumference at base is 45 feet. About 

 7 feet above the ground is a doorway looking eastwards 

 (facing the entrance to St. Patrick's). The tower is built 

 of sandstone regularly laid in courses, the wide jointings 

 filled in with extremely hard shell mortar. Xear the top 

 are four square-headed apertures facing the cardinal 

 points, and one other lower down on the N.W. or seaward 

 side. It is, as now seen, more cylindrical than the Irish 

 towers, but its design and use as belfry, and as keep in 

 which relics and valuables were deposited, and into which 



