TREE SPARROW. 267 



part of the head, deep chestnut, divided by a slight streak of 

 drab, widening as it goes back ; cheeks, line over the eye, 

 breast, and sides under the wings, a brownish clay colour, 

 lightest on the chin, and darkest on the ear-feathers ; a small 

 streak of brown at the lower angle of the bill ; back, streaked 

 with black, drab, and bright bay, the latter being generally 

 centred with the former ; rump, dark drab, or cinereous ; 

 wings, dusky black, the primaries edged with whitish, the 

 secondaries bordered with bright bay ; greater wing coverts, 

 black edged and broadly tipt with brownish white ; tail, dusky 

 black, edged with clay colour : male and female nearly alike 

 in plumage ; the chestnut on the crown of the male rather 

 brighter. 



TREE SPARROW. {Fringilla arbcrea.) 



PLATE XVI.— Fig. 3. 



Le Scmlciet, Buff. iii. 500.— Moineau de Canada, Briss. iii. 101, PI. enl. 223. — 

 LatLii. 252.— Edw. 269.— Arct. Zool. p. 373, No. 246.— Peale's -Museum, 

 No. 6575. 



EMBERIZA CANADENSIS.- Swainson. 



Fringilla Canadensis, Bonap. Synop. p. 109. — Emberiza Canadensis, North. 

 Zool. ii. p. 252. 



This sparrow is a native of the north, who takes up his 

 winter quarters in Pennsylvania, and most of the northern 

 States, as well as several of the southern ones. He arrives 

 here about the beginning of November, and leaves us again 

 early in April ; associates in flocks with the snow birds ; 

 frequents sheltered hollows, thickets, and hedgerows, near 

 springs of water ; and has a low warbling note, scarcely audible 

 at the distance of twenty or thirty yards. If disturbed, he takes 

 to trees, like the white-throated sparrow, but contrary to the 

 habit of most of the others, who are inclined rather to dive 

 into thickets. Mr Edwards has erroneously represented this 

 as the female of the mountain sparrow ; but that judicious 

 and excellent naturalist, Mr Pennant, has given a more 



