1881.] Geography and Travels. 79 
from Benguela on the west coast, proceeding by a southern 
route, touching the fifteenth parallel of south latitude, entering the 
mountainous region of Dombé, and passing to the east of Quil- 
lengues, finally reached Bihé in March, 1878. Here Major 
Serpa Pinto left his companions and started on his perilous 
journey along the upper waters of the Quando and Zambesi, and 
thence southward through the Transvaal and Natal to the east 
ast. 
Captain B. Capello and Lieutenant R. Ivens left Bihé in May, 
pursuing a north-easterly direction, crossing the Quanza, whose 
source is the Mussombo lake in S. lat. 13° 30’, E. long. 17°, and 
after long marches through an overflowed country, on June 24th 
arrived at the Luando, an important tributary of the Quanza. To 
the north of this stream are the tribes of the Songos and Quiocos, 
while the Ganguellas, a strong powerful race of men who carry 
on an active trade with Bihé, occupy the country to the south. At 
the distance of two hundred and fifty miles from Bihé the forest 
district of Quioco was reached, one of the most interesting of 
Central Africa in its hydrographical character. From 
. expedition followed the Quango river, Capello taking the east, 
and Ivens the west side of the stream. Both found the country 
very difficult to penetrate owing to the overflowing of the river, © 
and its many tributaries, the density of the vegetation and the 
broken irregular character of the surface. The explorers met 
finally at Cassange, and made several excursions east and north 
from that point. Proceeding from there to Malange, and turning 
north, they followed the eastern slope of the Tala~-Mogongo 
range, crossing many streams flowing into the Hamba, an import- 
ant affluent of the Quango to the forest country of Hungo. 
Marching on they discovered a great number of streams and 
countless small lakes. MM. Capello and Ivens believe that 
these should take the place of the large lake, Aquilonda, found 
on many maps at this point (7° S. 17° E.), and which they state 
does not exist. After arriving at a small village called Malundo, 
about 7° 30’ S. and 16° 30’ E. they were obliged to retrace their 
steps owing to the exhaustion of their stores, illness, and the diffi- 
culties of the country. : 
To the east of the Quango here is the country of Jaca, one of 
the most important of the African interior, which extends as far as 
the Congo and was entirely unknown previously. The return was 
made to the Portuguese settlement of Duque de Braganza on the 
Lucalla, and through a fruitful, healthy country to the Quanza, 
the course of which river they followed down to the sea. They 
reached Portugal in January last, and this account is taken from 
papers read by them before the Lisbon Geographical Society, and 
the Geographical Section of the British Association. A beautiful 
detailed map in MS. of the country explored was exhibited at the 
1 NATURALIST, September, 1879, p. 593- 
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