1881.] The Relation of Apiculture to Sctence. 195 
tween a zooid and an individual does not seem very great. 
Through those jelly fishes called the Trachynemide, as Circe, 
there seems to be a close relationship between the hydroid Me- 
dusa, Lizzia, and the common Aurelia, Cyanea and other Dis- 
cophore. As therefore I cannot but designate a Pelagia, also a 
Discophore, as an individual, I must look upon a Circe as the 
same, and since Lizzia and Circe are closely related, their free Me- 
dus are likewise morphological individuals. If this is true, and 
our theory of the likeness between Aga/ma and Lizzia not fanciful, 
js it proper to call the members of the former colony zooids, or 
shall we regard them true individuals ? 
The solution of this problem as to the exact nature of the mem- 
bers of an Aga/ma colony is most difficult, and, as so many before 
me, I must leave this speculative part of my subject with the trite 
remark, that in this animal we have a condition of life where the 
difference between organ and individual is reduced to a minimum, 
It is without doubt true that much of the controversy which has 
been indulged in, as to the exact nature of the different compo- 
nents of the Aga/ma, may reduce itself to a quarrel about terms. 
may 
THE RELATION OF APICULTURE TO SCIENCE}? 
BY A. J. COOK. 
I ONCE heard a well known professor and scientist, than whom 
there is no better student of American agriculture, remark, 
that the art of agriculture was founded almost wholly upon em- 
piricism ; and that all it had to thank science for, was that the 
latter explained what had already been determined by the empiric 
method. Whether this be true or not, the reverse is most cer- 
tainly true of practical entomology. Economic entomology rests 
almost wholly upon science. So, too, apiculture, as practiced 
to-day, owes its very existence to science. Fear deters most 
people from bee-keeping, unless a desire to study bees, and to 
know more of the nature and habits of these marvels of nature, 
impels to that close association with bees, which practical apicul- 
ture demands. 
For this reason, there is no class of men engaged in manual labor 
pursuits which possesses the intelligence and enthusiasm which 
characterize apiarists, or which practices so much that is really sci- 
1 Read before the Entomological Section uf the A. A. Acot fe 
