1381. ] Recent Literature. 309 
American continent (considering North and South America for 
our purpose as one) the Europeo-Asiatic, African and Australian 
continents developed, with their characteristic assemblages of 
plants and animals. 
have been accustomed to teach for several years past, and 
have briefly stated the doctrine in our “ Zodlogy”? that the differ- 
flor not necessarily people America, but the flora n 
found in Norther Arctic Europe probably originated 
over both Europe and Amer The American opossum 
Oo 
were not necessarily travelers from Australia by way of Eu- 
rope, but more probably originated from the Mesozoic lands of 
North America. The American continent had its own marsu- 
pials, its own tapirs, its own Felidae, Canidae, horses, camels 
and monkeys, which independently evolved on American soil, 
course, when we come to the glacial period, when the continents 
of America and Asia approached each other, there were possibly 
interchanges of species, and extensive migrations from north to 
South, with wide-spread extinctions, which renders the distribution 
17 
1879. 
odlogy for High Schools and Colleges. By A. S. Packard, Jr. New York, 
: y then be 
sions, | First, a tropical, temperate, and arctic or circumpolar fauna or realm; and, 
‘ appears, then, that each continent has had from the first its distinct <a 
ment 4 thus opposing continents, such as South America and Africa, have funda- 
Ibid Paani faunze, because they have had a separate geological history. 
» p. 4. 
