344 General Notes. [ April, 
wooden record, standing since 1826, was found in good preserva- 
tion on Chamisso Island. This consists of a mountain of pure 
ice, covered with a non-conducting layer of moss, vegetable mat- 
ter and clay, of the period when the wild horse, buffalo and 
mammoth, frequented this region. Their bones are abundant and 
have been figured by Seeman, in the zoology of the Herald. 
The ice attains an elevation much beyond any hills or rock-forma- 
tion visible from its summit, and is interstratified like a rock with 
the clays, etc. It is pure, except on the surface, has no glacial 
débris about it, and is devoid of motion. The cliffs rise at the 
sea front to perhaps one hundred feet, and the hill of ice of which 
these cliffs form the face, attains six hundred or eight hundred 
feet, a few miles inland, entirely overlooking all the rock-forma- 
tions of the vicinity. Mr. Dall considers it impracticable to refer 
it to glacial action, properly so called. It extends north to Point 
Barrow, and East to Return Reef on the northern coast, but is 
not continuous, and is absent in the rocky, elevated parts, as for 
instance, about Cape Lisburne. 
The zodlogical collections made during the past season include 
several birds and many fishes new to the region, as well as a 
smaller number probably new to science. Ethnological material 
was largely obtained, and it was remarked that the proper name 
of the people on the Asiatic side, described by Nordenskidld and _ 
his companions, and previously by Hooper and Mr. Dall, ts 
Yia’-it, a corruption or shortening of In-fia-it (Eskimo), of which 
they merely form one tribe. They are totally distinct in language, 
race and manners from the so-called Reindeer Tchukches (Tsau’- 
yiu-at), who are a mere tribe of the Korak nation. ; 
Mr. Dall maintains that these Asiatic Eskimo are comparative- 
modern immigrants from America. The change of population 
is constantly going on; only last summer a new colony from 
Behring Strait settled at Cape Olutorsk, and more will go this 
whales has had much to do with it; and the trading of liquor 
from the Sandwich Islands, keeping the people drunk when they 
should be laying up a winter store, is another. 
Lake TANGANYIKA.—Mr. E. C. Hore writes from Ujiji to the 
~ Royal Geographical Society’ regarding the still unexplained 
phenomenon of the long-continued rise of the waters of this 
lake, and the reopening of the Lukuga outlet, which he was the 
first to witness two years ago, that the reports at Ujiji “go to show 
that when Cameron was here a marked rising of the lake waters 
had already been observed, and that it continued from that time 
up to about two years ago, when the surface was eight feet higher 
than in Cameron’s time. From that date (¢. ¢. two years agO) 
1 Proceedings R. G. S., January, 1881, p, 41. | 
