1881. ] Archeology in Vermont. 429 
men which has the general characters of the longest gouges that 
have been found. In all of these the groove runs from end to end, 
becoming narrower, as does the specimen itself, towards the upper 
end. One specimen of this sort is nineteen inches in length. 
The material is always some hard, compact stone, like basalt, 
which is wrought into the desired form with very great skill. The 
specimen figured is 11.5 inches long; its form is very symmetrical, 
and the surface smooth and in some portions polished. The up- 
per surface is mainly occupied by the groove and there is, on 
each side of this, a narrow flat portion from which the sides curve 
downward and approach each other until they meet in a-median 
ridge, on the lower side, so that a cross section is of the form 
shown at 1a. The under side is also curved from end to end, 
bending upwards rapidly to form the edge, so that a longitudinal 
section is of the form shown in 14. In most of these implements 
the main portion of the bevelling at the edge is from beneath, 
though generally the upper surface is also beveled, often ab- 
ruptly, downwards. The edge in this specimen is very regularly 
curved, is sharp, and 1.65 inches in width—the width of the 
Opposite end being less than half as much. Near the edge 
the groove is .5 inch deep, but grows shallower as well as nar- 
rower as it recedes from the end. The greatest thickness of the 
implement is near the middle, where it amounts to 1.5 inch. 
Other specimens are wider in proportion to the length, for in- 
stance, in one case where the length is somewhat more than 9 
inches, the width is, in the widest part, 2 inches. In this specimen 
we find the widest part about a third of the distance from the edge 
to the other end, and from this point the width decreases somewhat 
to the edge, and much more to the other end, and the same pecu- 
liarity is seen in the thickness, so that a longitudinal section is 
Somewhat unequally fusiform, the u pper side curving less than the 
wer, as seen in Fig. rc. As the line of the groove, indicated by the 
broken line in the figure, is straight, the depth seems to be greater 
near the middle than at either end. In cross section this specimen 
IS like Fig. 1@ except that it is much broader in proportion to the 
height. Figure 2 shows a unique form of this sort of gouge. The 
8Toove is similar to others, though the edge is not straight, but 
Somewhat oblique. The material is basalt and the specimen 
Was evidently formed with much care and labor, although the 
Surfaces are not polished, but show stria made by sand used 
