434 Archeology in Vermont. [ June, 
most rudimentary form of the gouge; indeed, it is essentially a 
chisel with a small hollowed out space on one surface near the 
edge. The length of this specimen is 5.2 inches. Figure 8 exhib- 
its another type of gouge of which I have seen quite a number 
of specimens. In these the excavated portion is triangular and 
not concave, but with straight sloping sides inclosing a space 
~ 10 
Indian Gouges. Figures 8 and 9 reduced one-half; figure 10 full size. 
nearly or quite flat, and terminating in a more or less straight 
edge. The upper surface is flat, and from this the sides curve 
regularly until they meet behind. The thickness is relatively 
greater than in other forms, and the appearance suggests the 
thought that the form was at first cylindrical, and the flat upper 
surface ground down afterwards. The upper end, while not very 
evenly shaped, is yet ground smooth and finished like the rest of 
the implement. The specimen figured is shown one-half full siz 
being 7 inches long, 1.9 wide and 1.5 inches thick. The sides are 
straight and nearly parallel. The material is a dark steatite, har der 
than this material usually is. Other specimens are of syenite and 
porphyry, and are larger than this. Besides the specimens with 
or 
