696 Variations in a Copepod Crustacean. (September, 
the five male abdominal segments is as long as the fifth, and is 
the broadest, its anterior ventral angle is prominent, the second 
joint is twice as long as the preceding, the third and fourth 
gradually shorter. Furca, from base to tip of bristles, longer 
than the first, second and third segments together. 
The first of the four female abdominal segments bears ventrally 
an opening ona circular elevation (in Fig. 11, seen from the side), 
- the female genital orifice, to which the secretion of a 
gluey mass, the product of two large orbicular cement 
glands, situated on the segmentation line between the 
- fifth and sixth thoracic segments, flows. Mounted spec- 
imens plainly show the two ducts 
of the glands running down to the 
orifice in the first abdominal seg- 
ment. The two ovarial lobes begin 
with broad rounded bases in the 
second thoracic segment, and grad- 
\ ually taper downward. Although 
\ I was unable to find the oviduct en- 
Fic. u.— tering the first abdominal segment, ig, 13. 
Side view of it is evident, from the position of view of las spoytyee 
dominal seg- the egg-sac that the products of whiak on the abdo- 
,. the cement gland and ovary have acti se eee 
capone gi one and the same exit. A receptacu- (the latter ‘ae 
tg lum seminis is wanting. Sa iceeil 
The second segment is a little : 
shorter than the first, the third is about half as long, the fourth is 
still shorter and bears the furca (Fig. 13), with orbicular egg-sac- 
From thirty to forty eggs are contained in a sac. 
The spermatophores containing the fertilizing zoosperms are 
glued by the fifth pair of legs of the male to the female genital 
orifice during copulation, I noticed from one to four spermato- 
phores on some females (Fig. 12). : 
The inaugural dissertation of Dr. Aug. Gruber, “ Ueber ze 
Siisswasser-Calaniden,” Leipzig, 1878, pp. 34, two plates, gives 
us the latest knowledge concerning the formation and action of 
the spermatophores, and as this special work may not be in the 
hands of every American carcinologist, and owing to the com- 
plexity of the matter itself, an abstract of the same, I trust, will 
be welcome. 
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