1881. | Entomology. 821 
numbers on “sand-oats” and other grasses growing on the dunes 
at Fortress Monroe, Va. 
PHYLLOXERA Laws.—The existing laws regulating the traffic in 
plants with a view of preventing the introduction of the (rape 
Phylloxera, are thus summarized in the annual report of the 
Syndical Chamber of Nurserymen at Ghent. 
“Introduction of living plants is wholly forbidden in Italy, ° 
Spain, Turkey, Roumania, Algeria, Cape of Good Hope. 
“Introduction of living plants is permitted as usual, except in 
the case of vines, which are prohibited—Germany. 
“Introduction of living plants packed as usual, is permitted, 
but with a certificate of origin, in Switzerland; and a similar 
certificate attested by a consul in Austria-Hungary. 
“Introduction under ordinary conditions if provided with a 
consular certificate, viséed, is allowed in Portugal and its colonies.” 
ONE HALF THE VINE AREA OF FRANCE AFFECTED BY PuHyL- 
LOXERA.—The British Consul at Bordeaux, in a recent report, 
States that of the 2,200,000 hectares [one hectare = 2% acres 
nearly| of vineyards in France, about 500,000, or nearly one- 
fourth are destroyed by the grape Phylloxera, while as many 
More are attacked. He states that the only sure remedy is sub- 
mersion, which is resorted to with invariable success wherever 
possible. The only available preventive is by the use of our 
resisting American stocks. 
Lonpon PurpLe AND Paris GreEN.—Professor C. E. Thorne, . 
of the Ohio State University, has found by experience, during the 
Past two years, that weight for weight London purple is more 
efficacious than Paris green as an insecticide. There is really no 
need of using it weight for weight, as one half a pound of the 
purple goes as far as one pound of the green and costs very much 
less. Though from the cheapness of the former there is less 
temptation to adulterate it than with the latter, yet there are still 
cheaper powders with which it may be and has been adulterated. 
If not carefully ground it is less effectual and apt to form lumps 
in mixing with water. Hemingway & Co., of New York, the 
originators of this insecticide, are taking particular pains to grind 
jnely, experience having taught that increased care is warranted 
in the increased satisfaction which their article gives. Another 
purple poison is now being advertised as Paris purple. The base 
1S a purple refuse obtained by A. Pourrier, of Paris, extensively 
used for coloring sugar paper, for the very reason that there is no 
arsenic or other poison in it. But as it costs but $1.75 per ton in 
Paris, enterprising parties are using it in imitation of London 
purple by adding the arsenic to it. 
Entomotocisr FoR THE PactFic Coast.—At the recent well- 
attended meeting of the California Viticultural Commission, the 
desirability of having a state entomologist was discussed, and a 
