990 Recent Literature. [ December, 
order of precedence in the estimation of the general public, and 
that it will give to the man who produces knowledge, the high 
position he has always held in the minds of the thoughtful of the 
human race. 
"rye. 
RECENT LITERATURE. 
Tytor’s AnrHRopo.ocy.'—It is only within some twenty years 
or a little over a generation, that under the enlarged mode of 
studying nature for which we are indebted to Darwin and others, 
as well as to German embryologists and _histologists, particularly 
those who have worked from an evolutional point of view, that the 
science of biology has become well established. Modern physics 
has recently discovered the law of the conservation of force and 
other doctrines which have so enlarged the sphere of the phys!- 
cist. Hand in hand with the genesis of biology went on the devel- 
opment and perfection of the nebular hypothesis, and the rise of a 
new school in geology, the uniformitarian; while at only a late date 
has the science of meteorology assumed a definite shape, and later 
stiil the science of comparative psychology and sociology. +h€ 
youngest of the sciences, of which this book is an exposition, 1s @ 
logical outcome of all the sciences bearing upon life and the phys- 
ics of the earth, the residence of man. In the fullness of time there 
has arisen a science of man, or anthropology, the synthesis oF 
flower of all the sciences. Such a science could not have come 
into existence were not the keystone of the arch supportilg it 
the doctrine of evolution. Old-fashioned ethnologists could g° 
on indefinitely, measuring skulls and classifying the races of man- 
kind, archeologists could industriously unearth forgotten grave" 
yards and buried cities, till every foot of soil on the ¢g obe had 
told its tale of dead dynasties and forgotten cities, but unless 4 
working theory of development from the general to the special, 
from the crude and unfinished to the perfected ; unless different 
and successive early stages were looked upon as initiatory, %: 
only existing to give rise to something more composite, highly 
finished and enduring, we could not have had the science of an- 
thropology. 
It is from the point of view of progress and growth, of elabo- 
ration from simple beginnings, and the origin of the compost 
manners and customs of modern civilization from the aboot 
arts and habits of savage life, that the new science of anthropo!- 
ogy is to be built up and perfected. te 
Just as the study of the embryology of Ascidians and of Ae . 
Amphioxus has well nigh revolutionized our conceptions yy : 
vertebrate type, and man’s structure can only be under a ie oe 
1 Tylor’s ‘ . : . n and Civilization 
By Ebwano B. Trrow DCL. EIS. With illastrations. New York D- APP 
_ ton & Co,, 1881. 8vo, pp. 448. ; : 
f the. - 
