1920.] I. H.N. Evans: Cave-dwellings in Pahang. 43 
until they can be examined by an expert in physical anthro- 
pology, but to content myself with giving a few details as their 
disposition in the soil, and any evidence that I can as to whe- 
ther they are of the same age as, or newer than, the stratum 
in which they were found. 
A layer of ashes! of considerable extent was encountered 
just above the skull, and the rest of the overlying deposits 
showed no signs of having been disturbed. I think that from 
this we may, perhaps, conclude that the remains are as old, 
or older than, the layer of ashes, and that anything above this 
layer accumulated subsequently. 
very large part of the skeleton is missing, it would 
not be wise to speculate as to the orientation of the body at 
burial, if, indeed, it was buried. 
In a small pit which we opened at the farend of the Gua 
"To Long five fragments of a human skull were discovered at 
a depth of about two feet from the surface. These were not 
friable like the skull found in our large pit : the breakages of 
the bone appear to be old, and all the pieces are stained with 
ruddle. 
Whether the caves in Gunong Sennyum are visited by 
aboriginal tribes at the present day seems doubtful. One of 
y Malay coolies, who came from Pengkalan Gunong, told 
me that they were not. Yet, possibly, such natives may have 
frequented the neighbourhood not so very long ago, for I no- 
ticed that in one place the jungle close to the mountain was 
old béukar (secondary growth), looking as if it had formerly 
been cleared for planting rice or root-crops 
alays in search of rattans sometimes occupy the long 
cave in which I camped, and to them must, most probably, 
be ascribed some of the charcoal drawings to be seen on its 
walls, especially one of a boat under sail—a sort of schooner, 
as far as I could make out. 
There are, however, some rude drawings which seem more 
likely to have been the work of aborigines, such as circles of 
dots and very crude representations of human beings. A num- 
ber of these are to be observed on the rocks near the water- 
course which I have mentioned above. 
The Kota Tongkat and other caves, 
The cave which is known as Kota Tongkat is situated in 
the limestone of a hill which lies about half a mile to the north 
of the Benta-Kuantan Road, and thirteen miles from Jeran- 
tut in the direction of Kuantan. 
Mr. L. Wray had previously paid a visit to caves in this 
neighbourhood?” and had found there signs of recent occupa- 
1 It is perhaps worth noting that Mr. Wray found ashes overlying some 
of the human remains in caves at Gunong 
2 ** Journal of the F.M.S. Museums,” wok I, pp. 13-15. 
