VI. THE CAMPHOR LANGUAGE OF JOHORE AND 
SOUTHERN PAHANG. 
By R. O. WINSTEDT. 
The following collection of words and phrases from the 
Bahasa Kapor or Paing Kapor ‘‘ The Camphor Language” is 
compiled from lists recorded by Logan (‘‘Journal of the Indian 
Archipelago,’ Vol. I, p. 263), by Messrs. Lake and Kelsall 
(‘J.R.A.S.,S.B. No. 26, pp. 39-56), by Mr. Maartenz of the 
F.M.S. Forest Department from Endau in 1907 (hitherto unpub- 
lished), by Mr. I. Evans of the F.M.S. Museums’ Department 
from Endau in 1917 (unpublished), and by Mr. Sircom of 
the F.M.S. Civil Service from Rompin in 1911 (unpublished). 
Mr. Sircom’s list is particularly full and valuable. It was 
collected from two informants, Lamang a Sakai Pénghulu of 
Tanggong and from Kolak a Pénghulu Kapor of Tilan, both 
places in the district of Rompin, Pahang. Kolak told Mr. 
Sircom that the Paing Kapor he spoke was that of Johore, 
whence his family originally came. Mr. Sircom observes, that 
the pronunciation of Malay words is sometimes distorted— 
e.g. dalam is pronounced dtlém, pényayap as pényeyip, péman- 
jang as péménying, and so on. Mr. Evans found alamat pro- 
nounced ehlamat and p&nghangat as pahangat. The names 
of trees and plants are not tabu, and where tabu words are not 
required Malay is employed. 
There is nothing to add to the analysis of the language 
in Skeat and Blagden’s “Pagan Races,’’ Vol. II, pp. 414-431. 
Study of the comparative vocabulary in “ Pagan Races” 
esoteric language is constructed, except in the case of words 
and phrases obviously Malay. Chtngktrat beh peénetrip “The 
elephant-without-gnawers, the tuskless elephant” is a very 
artificial synonym for a rhinoceros, but it is intelligible. But 
take kawat ‘‘ breast, old, iron pot, fathom ’’—here Blagden 
remarks that several distinct words seem to have been run 
together—kawat (Mal., Jav.) ‘‘ wire”; kawak (Jav.) “‘old”’; 
added kawah (Mal.) ‘‘a cauldron.’’ Or take mambong, bisan, 
bintoh—they seem to be used as we use words like ‘‘ thingamy- 
bob.’? Clearly the deliberate manipulation of aboriginal 
words is likely to defeat analysis. Again, the aboriginal 
dialects differ a little with almost every tribe. And here we 
have a purposely specialized vocabulary in a definite locality. 
