[Vor.. IX, 1920.] R. O. WinstEpT: Marriage Ceremonies, 89 
pardon from all the spirits of earth and water (shaitan, 
jémbalang, puaka). The candles are lit; and incense is burnt 
in the cressets. The palm-blossom is broken open, that its 
moisture may be used for the bathing; limes and bédak are 
mixed with the water. Then the bridegroom is bathed with 
limes (bérgurin Pat.—bérlimau), facing gerne and hav- 
ing water thrown into his mouth. The ite thread is re- 
moved from his neck and he is dressed in deldine garments— 
including a tasselled belt (g&éudit puncha bérumbai), a head- 
kerchief with an aigrette (tajok ma’at) and a creese with a 
bundle of stveh hitched to it. Commoners wear a belt of cloth 
across the shoulders termed sayap sandang. Rajas and chiefs 
will wear bracelets and armlets (g&/ang tipis mas ménchtkak 
léngan baju), on each side of the neck crescent-shaped orna- 
ments (like the dokoh), on the breast and on the back plaques 
shaped like the bunga kundor. Then the procession on ele- 
phants with painted foreheads and horses, if available, returns 
with religious chanting and singing to the bride’s house, 
where men are perhaps fencing in the courtyard. The proces- 
sion is headed by men carrying flags, women bearing water 
vessels, sirveh utensils and candles. On reaching the bride’s 
house the groom steps down into a tray filled with water 
wherein have been placed a stone, a ring, a shaving knife, 
and a dollar. He is sprinkled with yellow rice and seated on 
firing gunpowder. The next day bathing is again practised 
and a procession forms again from the river. This revelry 
may be continued 4 or 5 days at the wedding of a chief, or 
2 or 3 in the case of a peasant. 
For the last day (hari langsong) a round face es 
building for incense (balai ptasapan) is made of bamboo or 
kumbar: its posts being encircled by mats to keep in the smoke 
of the incense. It is placed in the middle of the house. 
Round it in a circle at the distance of the space between four 
house-pillars people hold up a white cloth. Within the circle 
of that cloth the bridegroom is taken in procession thrice each 
goes. Then the bridegroom i is placed in the ba/ai and smcked 
for a few minutes with incense. After that the bride is 
brought out and led inside the circle of white cloth to undergo 
the same ceremony. 
The bride next goes to her room. The duenna (tukang 
andam) guards the door. The pawang demands entrance for 
the groom. The duenna demands payment, chukai wang sakati 
to the left of he bride. The pawang lifts the groom’s left 
hand and places it on the bride’s head. Next they feed one 
