82 TOBACCO IN EUROPE. 



covery for a conquest, some two or three savage men 

 were brought in together with this savage custom. 

 But the pity is the poor wild barbarous men died, but 

 that vile barbarous custom is yet alive, yea, in fresh 

 vigour, so as it seems a miracle to me how a custom 

 springing from so vile a ground, and brought in by a 

 father so generally hated should be welcomed on so 

 slender a warrent." * 



The general opinion of James, forcibly expressed and 

 powerfully condensed, is given in A Collection of Witty 

 Apophthegms by him, as follows: — 



" That tobacco was the lively image and pattern of 

 hell ; for that it had, by allusion, in it all the parts and 

 vices of the world whereby hell may be gained ; to 

 wit ; First, It ivas a smoke ; so are the vanities of this 

 world. Secondly, It delighteth them who take it; so 

 do the pleasures of the world delight the men of the 

 world. Thirdly, It maketh men drunken, and light in 

 the head ; so do the vanities of the world, men are 

 drunken therewith. Fourthly, He that taketh tobacco 

 saith he cannot leave it, it doth bewitch him : even so 



* This passage appears clearly to allude to Raleigh, as James's dislike 

 to hira was sufficient to induce him to apply such spiteful terms to the 

 man he judicially murdered. The report of discovery also agrees with 

 Raleigh's discovery and attempted colonisation of Virginia by his expe- 

 dition. The notice of the savage men brought in with the custom appears 

 to settle the question that has been raised, whether tobacco was brought 

 to England first by the expedition that discovered Virginia, or by the 

 colonists brought back by Drake, 158G. Captains Amidas and Barlow, 

 of Raleigh's first expedition (27th April, 1584), who discovered Virginia, 

 had the pipe of peace presented to them, and brought away two Indians. 

 They are alluded to as one of the " London Sights" by Trinculo, in 

 Shakspere's Tempest. 



