CONSUMPTION OF TOBACCO. 325 



What the result of these frauds are, may be gathered 

 from the fact, that tobacco has been sent carriage 

 free, from manufacturers in the north of England to 

 the south, at prices, clear of duty, twenty per cent 

 under those at which the genuine article could be sold 

 by the London manufacturers, with all their advantages 

 of capital, connection, and experience. 



In 1853 the consumption of tobacco in Great Britain 

 amounted to 24,940,555 lbs. or 19 ounces per head 

 to the entire population. In Ireland it amounted to 

 4,624,141 lbs., giving the rate of 12 ounces per head 

 to each inhabitant. The duty on tobacco and snuff 

 amounted in the year 1858, to ^£5,272,471. Upwards 

 of ^8,000,000 are annually spent on both. 



The writer in the Journal quoted p. 323, reckons that 

 if the population of the Earth be taken at a thousand 

 millions, and the consumption reckoned as equal to 

 that of the kingdom of Denmark, or seventy ounces 

 per head, the produce of the whole world will amount 

 to near two millions of tons (1,953,125) a year. Seventy 

 ounces a head, of course, far exceeds the average 

 consumption of Europe, in most of the countries of 

 which tobacco is heavily taxed. It is certain hoAvever, 

 on the other hand, that it falls far short of the 

 consumption of Asia, containing the majority of man- 

 kind, where women and children smoke as well as men, 

 and where the article moreover is untaxed. Nearly 

 half the British tonnage which " entered inward " or 

 " cleared outward " last year, would be required to 

 convey the quantity of this American weed; of which the 



