CATTLE-RAISING IN COLORADO. 215 



Mexico and other frontier Territories. He supplied 

 most of the beef to the contractors who built the Union 

 Pacific Railroad, and brought immense herds from 

 Texas and the Indian Territory, which were driven 

 along the line of the Union Pacific Railroad to supply 

 the army of laborers. He had been engaged in the 

 stock business in Kansas and New Mexico, and now in 

 Colorado, and the present location is admirably adapted 

 to it if the sheep-men will only keep out. Cattle and 

 sheep do not do well together on the same range. Suc- 

 cess in either requires separation. Mr. Iliff had pur- 

 chased and owned 20,000 acres of the range when he 

 died, which of course includes the choice springs and 

 watering-places within its limits, and his heirs will un- 

 doubtedly purchase more when it comes into market. 

 His herd comprised more than 26,000 head of cattle, of 

 all ages, sizes, and conditions. The number of calves 

 branded on his range in 1876 were 5000 head, and his 

 sales of three- and four-year-olds amounted to nearly 

 the same number. He realized nearly $32 per head 

 net on the sales. At this 4000 head would bring him 

 in the snug income of $128,000. To take care of this 

 immense herd he employed from twelve to thirty men, 

 very few usually in the winter months, and the largest 

 number during the ' round-ups' in the spring. During 

 the shipping season of 1875 he had twenty-four men, 

 who were employed in l cutting out' of his herd of 

 four-year-olds the fat three-year-olds and fat cows that 

 were no longer of any use for breeding purposes. While 

 engaged in this work the same men gathered the cows 

 with unbranded calves, which they put into corrals near 



