14 COFEEE PLANTERS’ MANUAL. 
nis employer, as that sort of needless extra work costs 
mone’, wile its atvantages are all for the eye. 
Having thus linet your field, let us proceed to the 
next operation, Horin@. For this purpose, you will 
select !rom the able-bodied men of your labor force 
as muny as you require according to the quantity of 
Jand you mean to open during the seison, one man 
to every acre is a fair allowance. If you are late of 
beginning and in danger of losing the season for plant- 
ing, you wilt employ more. But if you begin early 
in the season, or as soon as the land is burned off, 
which shoul’ be by the end of March, one man to 
each avre will suffice to enable you to hole the clear- 
ing, allowing for broken time and casual interrup- 
tions, by the middle or end of May. If you succeed 
in this, you should be able to plant up your clear- 
ing by the end of July; and unless you have much 
broke: time, through heavy rains or other cause pre- 
ventins the laborers from working, you may even 
finish planting by the end of June; in which case 
you will have inade a good start. An early fell, an 
early burn, and an early plant, are three most desir- 
able conditions towards making an early estate. For 
if you lose the proper season, vr get late, either in 
burning, and the rain set in before you can clear, 
or if after clearing, you lose the fine dry weather, 
suitable for burning, and equally suitable for lining 
and holing; and if you thus be thrown into the 
south-west monsoon with your work half done, you 
will most likely drag on bebind the season till its 
close. You may have to plant at the end of the 
year instead of in the middle, while your planting 
will be followed, before the young plants have fairly 
made a start in growing, by. the three or four dry 
months common at the beginning of the year. Many 
of the young plants will then be killed out, while 
inany more will drag on a sickly existence till the 
next rains revive them; and it frequently happens that 
these continue feeble and seedy plants, imstead of 
becoming healthy aud vigorous trees. I have known 
a second season’s plants when put out at the proper 
time, and with the first of the monsoon, completely 
overtake and sometimes outstrip in the race those 
planted at the end of the previous season, and which 
had to encounter all the drawbacks above mentioned. 
There ig another way of CLEARING, which has come 
anto practice of late years, an old system revived. 
ft is to PLANT UNDER SHADE, and without a burn. 
It is done thus:—First cut down the underwood, 
leaving the large forest trees standing. Let the un- 
derwood rot, which it will generally do in about a 
couple of months, or at least sufficiently to enable 
