642 oS The American Naturalist. [July, 
each produces its own variety, unless the blooms have been cross- 
fertilized. Under these circumstances I have noted the Scarlet 
Runner seed producing the White Runner; the White Runner 
seed producing the Scarlet Runner, the Painted Lady, and 
another form which I think is the Haricot d'Espagne hybrid of 
Vilmorin. There have appeared in these crossed plants no inter- 
mediate types whatsoever, and I believe that the mixed seed tends 
to revert ultimately to the original variety, having purged itself 
of its contamination. 
The names under which the species is known are: In France, 
haricot d'Espagne ; in Germany, arabische bohne ; in Holland, 
tursche boon ; in Italy, fagivolo di Spagna ; in India, lal loba or 
lal lobeca.™ 
SCOLYMUS. Scolymus hispanicus L., 
This plant is supposed by authors to be the skolumus and 
leimonia of Theophrastus, 322 B.C., and its root recorded as 
edible; the scolymus of Pliny A.D. 79, recorded as a food plant. 
The wild plant was seen in Portugal and Spain by Clusius™ in 
1576. The plant was described by Gerarde™ in England in 
1597,but he does not appear to have grown it. It was in the 
botanic gardens at Oxford"? in 1658, but receives no other than 
a quoted mention from Clusius by Ray!* in 1686. It appears 
not to have been in English culture in 1778, nor in 1807," and 
in 1869 is recorded as a new vegetable.” In 1597 Gerarde™ 
mentions its culture in Holland, and in 1616 Dodonaeus!'? says 
it was planted in Belgian gardens, In France, in 1882, it is said 
not to be under culture, but that its long fleshy root is used as a 
kitchen vegetable in Provence and Languedoc." In 1883 it is 
included among kitchen esculents by Vilmorin!5 It is accorded 
198 Vilmorin. Les Pl. Pot., 276. 
109 Speede. Ind. Handb. of Gard., 
125. 
110 Clusius. Hisp., 1576, 448; Hist., 1601, 2, 153. 
H1 Gerarde. 
75 Ray. Hist., 1686, 257. 
14 Mawe. 
ac 
118 Vilmorin. Les Pl, Pot., 1883, 547. 
