660 The American Naturalist. [July, 
A map or plan and a bird’s-eye view of the crater of Kibo accom- 
pany Dr. Meyer’s account of his ascent in Petermann’s Mitteilungen, 
1890, Pt. I. The cone of ashes occupies a northern position in the - 
depression, while the glacier and beds of névé fill in the southern part. 
The rim to the northward is swathed in ice, but the highest ice-covered 
peak is inferior in elevation to ** Kaiser Wilhelm Spitze,’’ on the south 
side, where the peaks are free from ice. 
Lake Leopold.—The April issue of the Proc. Roy. Geog. Soc. 
contains an account of H. H. Johnston's journey to Lake Leopold, 
Rukwa, or Rukuga, north of Lake Nyassa. This lake is but the shrunken 
vestige of a much greater body of water, yet it extends much farther 
to the southeast, and is longer than was supposed. On its southern 
and western sides a level plain extends to a width of from twenty-five 
to thirty miles, but on the east side the mountains rise direct from the 
shore. The basin is girdled with mountains, and on the southeast 
there is a remarkable bay or inlet of the lake penetrating into them. 
The only affluent of the lake from the south is the Sengive, which 
rises near the more important Songeve, a tributary of Nyassa. On the 
west shore, about the middle of its length, enters the Saisi, a large 
river with many affluents. The lake, which swarms with hippopotami, 
crocodiles, and fish, is at a level of 2,900 feet above the sea. Not- 
withstanding the unlovely character of its shores, they are frequented 
by elephants, buffalo, zebra, many species of antelopes, guinea-fowl, 
francolins, ring-doves, etc. Nothing can be grown, and the natives 
live entirely by rapine or by the chase. Mr. Johnston was the first 
white to visit the region, and he came among them suddenly with 150 
followers without asking permission. 
In 1889 Dr. Abbott and T. Stevens found a stream coming from the 
east side of Kilima-njaro, and running into the Tsave river. They 
followed it upwards into a cafion, and farther still until its course was 
covered over by a lava-stream. They discovered a nest of small 
extinct craters, and among them one that held a lovely lake, bordered 
with palms, and containing abundance of fish, at ı00 feet below its 
rim. Probably this is a pool in the course of the subterranean river, 
which is marked higher up by astreak of black lava. The lake is 
3,000 feet above sea level. These travelers speak a good word for the 
much abused Masai, call them jolly good fellows, and deny some of 
the strange customs usually attributed to them. 
