664 The American Naturalist. [July, 
rels from the quarries of rock salt at New Iberia; Utah, 325,000 bar- 
rels, mostly from the waters of Salt Lake, but a small portion from the 
quarries of rock salt in Jaub and Sevier counties. California produced 
in former years over 200,000 barrels, chiefly from the evaporation of 
sea-water in San Francisco Bay, but in 1887 the production was only 
28,000 barrels, in consequence of a combination of the operators to . 
reduce the output and enhance the price 
In Kansas a discovery of rock salt has recently been made, which 
promises to be an important addition to the resources of the State. 
The salt beds lie near the base of the Trias, and occupy a large area 
in the southern portion of the State, extending into Texas. In seven 
localities cited by Mr. Robert Hay, in the biennial report of the Kan- 
sas State Board of Agriculture, the rock salt lies at depths varying from 
450 to 925 feet, and the thickness is from 75 to 250 feet. The pro- 
duction in 1888 was about 2,000 barrels. 
In New York the production of salt is about equally divided between 
the reservation at and about Syracuse and the Warsaw district in 
Western New York, the latter having increased with great rapidity. 
The salt from the Onondaga Reservation is obtained from the evap- 
oration of the brine of about 40 wells; these wells have an aver- 
age depth of 330 feet, and the strength of the brine is about 70 per 
cent, of the salometer. 
In the Warsaw district there are about 50 wells in operation, from 
800 to 2,500 feet indepth. According to the report of Dr. F. E 
Englehart the entire production in 1887 was 6,072,000 bushels. 
The well at Piffard, belonging to the New York Salt Company, is 
producing rock salt, and is the pioneer enterprise of this kind in the 
State. The first bed of salt was reached at a depth of 938 feet. This 
bed is two feet in thickness, and is separated from the second bed, 12 
feet in thickness, by 4 feet of shale. The third salt bed was 6 feet 
thick and 28 feet below the second ; and the fourth bed, 9 feet below 
the third, was 58 feet in thickness.—/7. S. Newberry, in Transactions 
of the N. Y. Academy of Sciences, Nov., 1889. 
. Geological News.—General.—O. Feistmantel, in his account 
of the geology of South Africa, parallels the Karroo formation with 
the Gondwana of Hindustan. The upper beds of this formation he 
considers equivalent to the Mesozoic coal-measures of Eastern Aus- 
tralia, the middle Karroo to the Hawksbury beds, and the lower 
Karroo to the upper coal-beds and upper marine beds, which last are 
probably representative of the Permian and Carboniferous of general 
geology, so that the upper and middle Karroo may represent respec- 
