674 The Amerwan Naturalıst. [July,. 
blance to Miss Youmans’s work noticed above. There is the same 
admiration and following of Henslow’s ‘‘schedules’’ for analysis, the 
same examination of representative plants, while in each there are sev- 
eral chapters given to generalizations. Most of the work of preparing 
this volume appears to be well done, but there are evidences here and 
there of haste. Thus while the true nature of the lichens is recognized 
on page 202, alittle further on (p. 206) we have the old statement that 
* the lichens, from their peculiar constitution, may be regarded as tran- 
sitional between the Algz and the Fungi." Here we have alittle new 
wine (p. 202) in a very old bottle (p. 206). The ‘ Flora for the Use 
of Beginners” in this book is much like Miss Youmans's “ Popular 
Flora." It is really a very useful little manual. 
A recent English book, Edmonds’s “ Elementary Botany,” has been 
placed before the American public by Longmans of New York. Itis 
a much more scientific book than either of the’ preceding, although 
like them it teaches botany by observation. The principal difference 
is that the observation in this book is more profound, and is directed 
to essential rather than to superficial characters, The student is brought 
to study the plant as a living thing, rather than an object to be classi- 
fied and labeled. We find that while 153 pages are given to structure 
and physiology, but 35 are devoted to classification. A few orders are 
selected, and in eacha typical plant is suggested for study, while a few 
others are cited ascommon examples. The book is a very good one. 
Dr. Campbell's ** Structural and Systematic Botany," which has re- 
cently been brought out by Ginn & Co., is an attempt to supply a small 
and handy introduction to all parts of the vegetable kingdom. It is 
based upon, and to a certain extent is an abridgement of, Goebel’s 
** Outlines of Classification and Special Morphology of Plants,’’ a work 
of great usefulness to the student in spite of its considerable cost. 
This introduction will be welcome to many a teacher and student who 
cannot afford the larger work. 
After a few introductory pages devoted to methods of work, and a 
brief examination of the cell, the Protophytes are taken up, nine pages 
being devoted to them. Then follow i in order the Algæ, Fungi, Bryo- 
phytes, Pt ytes. Very good outline drawings, 
largely original, accompany the text. A commendable feature of the 
work is the adoption of Eichler's arrangement of the flowering plants. 
Here and there slips, due doubtless to haste, are noticed. us 
the figures B, C, and D, on page 132, are certainly not of “ year-old 
— of Scotch Pine," and on page 131 the relation of scale and 
** ovule-bearing leaf’’ are badly confused. There is also a looseness in 
