1890.] Entomology. 683 
In the author’s sense, then, the supra-cesophageal ganglion is a proper 
brain only in the arthropods; in the molluscs and annelids it is only 
a sense centre, In arthropods, especially crustaceans, evidence was 
obtained of a crossing of the nerve-paths in the sub-cesophageal gang- 
lion, analogous to the decussation of the pyramids in the medulla of 
vertebrates, 
Cerebral Localization.—The well-known statistician, Bertillon, 
was deaf in his left ear from his tenth year, and was also left-handed. 
Manouvrier? publishes the results of a detailed examination of his 
brain, The right superior temporal convolution (position of centre of 
hearing) was narrow, straight, and poorly developed, while that of the 
other side was broad, winding, and provided with secondary sulci. In 
accordance with the presence of left-handedness, the speech centre 
was to be looked for upon the right side; and accordingly Broca’s 
convolution on that side was considerably more developed than upon 
the left. Bertillon, therefore, ‘‘ spoke with his deaf hemishere,’’ which 
must be regarded as an unfavorable relation, and with this must be 
associated the difficulty of speech from which he suffered in life. The 
right sight centre was especially strongly developed, which is regarded 
by the author in the light of a compensation for the poor sense of 
hearing. The results go far to confirm the localization theories. 
ENTOMOLOGY. 
The Black Harvest Spider.—In a lot of Phalangiidz, received 
from Mr. Lawrence Bruner, and collected at Lincoln, Nebraska, I 
found a number of specimens of the species described by Say and 
Wood as Phalangium nigrum. Its characters at once place it not only 
out of the genus in which it is at present retained, but also out of the 
sub-family Phalangiine, as it belongs to the Sc/erosomatine, being the 
first species of this sub-family to be recognized in our fauna. It ap- 
parently falls into the genus Astrobunus Thorell, and hence should be 
known as Astrobunus nigrum Say. 
The literature of this Harvest Spider is quite limited. Originally 
escribed in 1821 by Thomas Say,! who reported it as ** not uncom- 
mon in the Carolinas and Georgia,’’ it received no further mention 
-3 Bull. d. I. Soc. d. Psychologie Physicol., 1889, p.24. Cf. Centralblatt f. Physiologie, 
IV., p- 180, 189o. 
1 Jour. Phila. Acad., VL, pp. 66-67. Compl. Writings, IL, p. 14. 
