760 The American Naturalıst. [August, 
* prudence after marriage ; ' 
ing on husband and wife as chastity on the unmarried. . . . We 
need a new ethic of the sexes ; and this not merely or even mainly as 
an intellectual construction, but as a discipline of life; and we need 
more. We need an increasing education and civism of women,—in 
fact, an economic of the sexes very different from that nowadays so 
common, which, while attacking the old coóperation of men and 
women because of'its manifest imperfections, but offers us an un- 
limited and far more mutually destructive industrial competition 
between them instead. . . . And while our biological studies of 
course for the most part only point the way towards deeper social 
ones, they afford also one luminous principle toward their prosecu- 
tion,—that thorough parallelism and coincidence of psychical and 
material considerations, upon which moralist. and economist have 
been too much wont to specialize." s 
The authors do not state clearly what their ** new ethic’’ is to be, 
excepting that it is to be based on a thorough recognition of the 
basis of biologic fact which underlies the problem. They are evi- 
dently not in sympathy with the entrance of women into either 
industrial or political competition with men, nor do they see in the 
present position of woman anything more than the natural outcome 
of natural evolution. “‘ Instead of men and women merely laboring 
to produce things, as the past economic theories insisted, or competing 
over the distribution of them, as we at present think so important, a 
further swing of economic theory will lead us round upon a higher 
Spiral to the direct organic facts. So it is not for the sake of prodüc- 
tion or distribution, of self-interest or mechanism, or any other idol of 
the economists that the male organism organizes the climax of his life's 
struggle and labor, but for his mate ; as she, and therefore he, also, for 
their little ones. Production is for consumption; the species is its 
own highest, its sole essential product. The social order will clear 
itself as it comes more in touch with biology." 
of a temperance recognized to be as bind- 
