1890.] Newly-Discovered Glacial Phenomena. 817 
At the mouth of the Connoquenessing, and lying upon the 
old base level plain, are several deposits of stratified gravel, 
having irregular hummocks, forming in some places small but 
well-defined kettle-holes; in short, partaking of the characteris- 
tics of kames, and apparently overlying the whitish or yellow- 
ish clay above mentioned. Lying south of the terminal moraine 
as heretofore mapped, some doubt was at first raised as to their 
true character, a doubt since removed by a more careful exami- 
nation of the largest of them, and the discovery of grooves and 
striz on the cliffs of the rock-gorge.? 
The largest of these deposits is of an “L” shape, with the 
longer arm lying in the direction of the river valley, and almost 
a mile in length. It reaches thirty to forty feet above the base 
level plain, and the top is formed into irregular hummocks, cov- 
ered with a thin, gravelly soil. The only sections seen showed 
clear but irregular stratification, and we did not feel sure we saw 
the junction of the kame and underlying clay at any point. We 
were informed, however, that, after passing through the gravel, as 
much as eleven feet of hard, tenacious clay had been penetrated 
without reaching the rock. 
This, the largest deposit, lies on the western side of the river, 
a little above the mouth of the Connoquenessing. There are 
other deposits, of essentially the same structure, a mile further 
south (just north of Clinton Run), and on the eastern side of the 
river one is seen on the old base level plain of the Connoquenes- 
sing, one-fourth mile from the Beaver. 
On a close examination of the base of the largest kame, in 
the search for its junction with the underlying clay, a new fea- 
ture of glacial action in the Beaver valley was discovered, in a 
number of grooves and strie. On its eastern side the gravel 
reaches at one point to the bluff of the rock-gorge, and the ` 
massive rock having been quarried for building purposes, the 
surface of the sandstone was seen. The top of the gorge is here 
in the Homewood sandstone, at this point a massive, rather 
coarse-grained, quartz rock, slightly colored with iron. The 
2 Th "d" c: ort, rthwest of New Castle, Second Geol. 
Survey of Penna., Vol. Z, p. 196. 
