1 890.] Anthropology and Prehistoric Archeology. 979 
situated upon the plain where it commands a view of the enclosure, 
upon which were manufactured arrow-heads of quartz. Quartz is not 
frequent in Ohio, and we have never found it except in isolated speci- 
mens; its presence indicates that a distant tribe was present when these 
chippings were deposited. 
On the village site in the old fort, and upon that near the Little 
Miami River, we found thousands and thousands of pottery fragments, 
some of them decorated in a similar manner to those at Madisonville. 
In the bottom of the ditches outside the fort, and in the fields border- 
ing the fort upon the east side, we find a class of pottery sherds different 
from those found within the structure. I have upwards of five thousand 
specimens of pottery of both varieties. Years might be spent at Fort 
Ancient in excavation of the graves and cemeteries that nearly every- 
where are to be found beneath the towering oaks and beeches, and yet 
there would remain sufficient material to engage the attention of arch- 
zeologists for a long time to come. Questions all unsolved present 
themselves at every step. For instance, the age of Fort Ancient,—was 
it constructed all at one time or in epochs? The races of people who 
constructed it,—who'and what were they? The civili zation and social 
surroundings which required such a work, the terraces, the ravines, the 
timber in the walls, the gateways, the huts, the mounds, cemeteries, etc. 
This great enclosure, so rich in facts, so productive of implements 
that tell us of the every-day life of the ancient people who lived within 
its walls, may yet reveal to the patient investigator its history, and 
dispel the darkness that surrounds the origin and movements of ancient 
men upon the American continent. It is to be hoped that every 
aboriginal structure in the United States will become the property of 
'the Government, or of some institution which can preserve, explore, 
and beautify it. 
Mr. W. H. Holmes, of the Bureau of Ethnology, Washington, D. 
C., read a paper on the “ Aboriginal Stone Implements of the Potomac 
Valley." He has lately investigated the steatite quarries around Wash- 
ington, and found the aboriginal vessels in their rudest stages of manu- 
facture, also the implements with which they had been made. 
He described his work among the quartzite bowlders on Piney 
Branch, near Washington. The impression of Mr. Holmes’s paper, 
and the discussion following it, is thus told in one of the Indianapolis 
journals of the day: 
« Hence the rude forms of chipped stones are not tools at all, as has 
been taught by archeologists for half a century, and so the ‘rough 
