980 The American Naturalist. [October, 
stone age’ and the ‘smooth stone age’ of the District of Columbia 
and all the rest of the world are knocked into smithereens. This is 
not Prof. Holmes’s exact language, but that is just what he meant. 
« Professor Holmes will pick a few bushels of flint bowlders out of 
Pogue’s run, and by knocking one against the other can in a few hours 
leave evidences of the poor old ‘ Paleolithic man’ scattered all over 
the capitol grounds. By finishing up his flint stones into good shape 
—arrow-heads, knives, skinners, etc.—he can prove that the Old 
Paleolith was followed by the Indian races. This knocks some dear 
old theories in the head, and particularly sets the French archzologists 
in the background. 
** Professor Putnam, who knows all about it, observed exactly the same 
. thing along the shores of Cape Cod several months before, and says 
the French have played the deuce with this ancient and honorable 
science, and that their * effort to classify our ancestors on the form of 
their stone implements is no better than the matching of brass buttons.’ 
‘Primitive man,’ said Professor Putnam, ‘made only a cutting-edge 
on the bowlders. The Indian went further and made knives and per- 
forators, and that is all there is of it. The many divisions based on 
. the shape of the implements is artificial and of no value.’ 
** Dr. Mason, the creator of the National Museum, did not like to see 
the * French archeologists given such a black eye by Prof. Putnam,’ 
but he placed a high value on the views of Mr. Holmes, which are 
accepted in this country almost universally; Mr. Holmes can make 
Indian arrows out of a beer-bottle, a piece of cannel coal, or anything 
that has a shell-like fracture. All he uses is a piece of hide to protect 
the hand, and a piece of deer antler or an iron nail to press off the 
flakes of flint. He can give pointers to Hiawatha's ancient arrow- 
maker, as he is not limited to jasper and chalcedony, but can shape 
them deftly out of almost anything except punk and dried pumpkin." 
‘The Brains of a Man and a Chimpanzee Compared," by Prof. 
Burt G. Wilder, of Cornell University. —Four large diagrams were dis- 
played for the comparison. The fissures and contortions of the two 
brains were shown and commented upon, and the paper stated that the 
resemblances were numerous and impressive. ‘‘ Indeed, if one were to 
look simply at the middle aspect of the two brains only, it would 
hardly be safe to affirm that one organism is the habitation of an im- 
mortal soul and the other one of the ‘ beasts that perish ;’-that the one 
was made only a little lower than the angels, and the other only a little 
higher than the monkeys.” 
