1890.] Zoology. 1083 
organs, there is less departure from the ordinary methods. There is a 
discussion, much after the usual fashion, of the ** morphology '' of the 
flower-cluster, and the flower, and in this the student will receive few 
if any new ideas. In the discussion of reproduction proper there is 
again much more that is modern and instructive. Thus we have: 
(I.)—Non-sexual reproduction. 
(II.)—Sexual reproduction. 
1.—Sexual reproduction of the Cryptogams. 
2.—Sexual reproduction of the Phanerogams. 
3.— Relation of sexual to non-sexual reproduction, 
An interesting section is devoted to the phylogenetic development 
of the flower. The ‘‘ flower’’ is very properly regar as an evolu- 
tion from modifications of the plant-body found in the Pteridophytes. 
The spore-bearing cone of Selaginella is ‘‘ the prototype of an herma- 
phrodite naked flower,’’ between which there is often a marked external 
resemblance.—CuarLEs E. BESSEY. 
ZOOLOGY. 
A New Phoronis.—Dr. E. B. Andrews has found a new species 
of the remarkable genus Phoronis at Beaufort, N. C. It lives in iso- 
lated chitin-like tubes placed upright in the sand. The species has the 
greatest affinity with PA. kowalevskii in the arrangement of its sixty 
tentacles, but it is remarkable for the presence of spoon-shaped glan- 
dular organs at either end of the lophophore. The function of these 
organs is unknown, but it is suggested that they may have some con- 
nection with the tube-building habit. The alimentary canal consists 
of two stomachs and an intestine. In the first stomach there is 
a longitudinal ridge of ciliated gland-cells, recalling that of Sipun- 
culus. There is also a peculiar intracellular digestion in the first 
stomach. Apparently the sexes are separate. The left nerve-rod only 
has an extensive development. Dr. Andrews thinks that this species, 
which he has named Ph. arcAifecta,! approaches nearer to the Sipun- 
culid than to the Polyzoan type. 
1 Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., June, 1890. 
