1890.] Geography and Travel. 1179 
thirty miles broad, divided by the waters of Yakutat Bay. Our task 
was to explore and map the country from the bay to St. Elias, and as 
far beyond as practicable. Excursions were begun at once to the 
neighboring mountains and glaciers and up Yakutat Bay as far as the 
floating ice would allow a canoe to travel. One of these excursions 
took us to an island at the head of the bay, which we named Grand- 
view Island. From its summit, which rises boldly a thousand feet 
above the water, a magnificent view was obtained of a vast stretch of 
snow-clad mountains from which glaciers of great magnitude descended 
to the sea and ended in cliffs of ice several hundred feet high. From 
these the icebergs crowding the bay were derived. One of these 
glaciers we named after Dalton, the pioneer explorer of the region; 
another, of larger size, at the head of the bay, was named in honor of 
Gardner Hubbard, the President of the National Geographic Society. 
A magnificent mountain peak, rising some 10,000 feet immediately 
above the Hubbard glacier, received the same name. Another tower- 
ing peak on the same mountain crest, triangular in shape and always. 
of purest white, was named Mount Seattle in acknowledgment of the 
faithful services of our camp hands, whose homes are mostly in the 
* Queen City of the Sound.’ 
** While glacial and geological studies were being pushed forward, 
Mr. Kerr measured a base line with considerable accuracy, and began 
a map of the region. From the ends of the base line sights were 
taken to several peaks and hill tops near at hand, the angles between 
the lines of sight and the base line affording data for determining other 
distances. By means of angles of elevation their heights could also be 
calculated. The stations whose position and elevation had thus been 
determined were made the extremities of new base lines from which 
sights to all the mountains in the region could be made, and the 
heights of the highest peaks accurately determined. In addition to 
the ‘dip angles,’ the heights of the stations occupied were determined 
by means of a mercurial barometer. To aid in this work, a ‘ base 
barometer’ was read three times a day during July and August by Rev. 
Carl J. Hendrickson, who has charge of a mission at Yakutat. From 
this beginning the work of mapping the country was carried forward 
until all the peaks to be seen from our line of march were located and 
their heights determined. Sketches and photographs were taken from 
many points of view. These, together with the triangulation, will fur- 
nish material for an accurate map of the region visited. The map 
will embrace upwards of a thousand square miles. 
