1896,] Botany. 749 
Juniperus communis alpina, the Mountain Juniper, is common every- 
where from 7000 feet altitude to timber-line (11,500), as a low, spread- 
ing and almost trailing shrub. 
Juniperus occidentalis monosperma, the Brown Cedar, or more com- 
monly called here by the erroneous name of White Cedar, is common 
in the Garden of the Gods. 
Juniperus virginiana, the Red Cedar, is to be found in the Garden of 
the Gods and generally at low altitudes. Some of the trees are entirely 
clothed with the short, blunt leaves, giving them a smoothness not gen- 
erally seen in this species. Such trees are more glaucous, and are more 
round-topped than the ordinary kind in which many of the leaves are 
sharp-pointed. 
Abies concolor, the White Fir, occurs abundantly from about 7000 feet 
to 8000 or 10,000 feet above sea level. Its beautiful layered foliage and 
erect cylindrical cones make it an object of interest to every traveller. 
Pseudotsuga taxifolia (P. douglasii of Coulter’s Manual), the Douglas 
Fir, is the most common of the single-leafed conifers, occurring every- 
where from the foot of the mountains to timber-line. It is distinguished 
at once by its elliptical cone, with trifid bracts between the scales. 
Picea engelmanni, Engelmann’s Spruce, and P. pungens, the Sharp- 
leaved Spruce, are common from 7000 or 7500 feet up to 9000 or 10,000 
feet altitude on the eastern slopes of Pike’s Peak. 
Pinus flexilis, the Rocky Mountain White Pine, occurs from Cheyenne 
Mountain to Pike’s Peak, from 7000 feet to timber-line, where it is very 
common. It may readily be distinguished by its leaves, which are in fives. 
Pinus balfouriana aristata. This tree resembles the preceding, and 
apparently is often confused with it under the name of “ White Pine” 
r “ Foxtail Pine.” It grows at high altitudes (10,000 feet) up to 
timber-line, and in this region is a small, or at most, a moderate-sized 
tree. Its short leaves (about one inch) which are in fives, and prickly 
cones distinguish it from all other species. 
Pinus edulis, the Nut Pine, is a low, spreading tree, often not more 
than ten or twelve feet in height. It may be distinguished by its short 
leaves and small cones, the latter containing a few large edible seeds. 
It is common in the Garden of the Gods and on the foot-hills a few 
hundred feet higher. 
Pinus ponderosa seopulorum, the Rocky Mountain Yellow Pine, or 
more commonly called the Bull Pine, is the most abundant conifer of 
the region. It grows at all elevations, from the foot of the mountains 
and foot-hills to timber-line. Its leaves are long, and occur in twos and 
less commonly in threes.—CHARLES E. Bessey. 
