860 The American Naturalist. [October, 
Permanent Secretary.—F. W. Putnam, of Cambridge, Mass. (Of- 
fice, Salem, Mass.), 
General Secretary.—Asaph Hall, Jr., of Ann Arbor, Mich. 
Secretary of the Council.—D. S. Kellicott, of Columbus, O. 
Secretaries of the Sections—-A, Mathematics and Astronomy.—— 
James McMahon, of Ithaca, N. Y. B, Physies——Frederick Bedell, of 
Ithaca, N. Y. C, Chemistry —P. C. Freer, of Ann Arbor, Mich. D, 
Mechanical Science and Engineering——John J. Flather, of Lafayette, 
Ind. - E, Geology and Geography.—C. H. Smith, Jr., of Clinton, N. Y. 
F, Zoology.—C. C. Nutting, of Iowa City, Ia. G, Botany.—F. C. New- 
combe, of Ann Arbor, Mich. H, Anthropology.—Harlan I. Smith, of 
New York. I, Social and Economie Science.—Archibald Blue, of 
Toronto, Ont. 
Treasurer.—R. S. Woodward, of New York, N. Y. 
It was ordered that in future the Vice-Presidents should be called 
Chairmen of the Sections in the publications of the Association. 
Two evening lectures were given to the citizens of Buffalo, viz., The 
History of the Niagara Gorge, by Dr. J. W. Spencer, and the Results 
of Cave Exploration and its relation to the Antiquity of Man in North 
America, by E. D. Cope 
The following papers in the natural sciences were read : 
Geology.— Tuesday, August 25.—Notes on the Artesian Well sunk 
at Key West, Florida, in 1895, by Edmund Otis Hovey; The Hy- 
draulic Gradient of the Main Artesian Basin of the Northwest, by J. 
E. Todd; The true Tuff-beds of the Trias, and the mud enclosures, 
the underrolling, and the basic pitchstone of the Triassic Traps, by B. 
K. Emerson; Volcanic Ash from the North Shore of Lake Superior, 
by N. H. Winchell and U. S. Grant; The Tyringham (Mass.) “ Mor- 
tise Rock,” and pseudomorphs of Quartz after Albite, by Ben. K. Em- 
erson ; The Succession of the Fossil Faunas in the Hamilton group at 
Eighteen Mile Creek, N. Y., by Amadeus W. Grabau ; Development 
of the Physiography of California. Lantern pictures, by James Per- 
rin Smith; Synopsis of California Stratigraphy, by James Perrin 
Smith; Ancient and Modern Sharks and the Evolution of the Class, 
by E. W. Claypole. 
Wednesday, August 26.—The Discovery of a new Fish Fauna, from 
the Devonian Rocks of Western New York, by F. K. Mixer; The 
Cuyahoga Preglacial Gorge in Cleveland, Ohio, by Warren Tpha: 
The Operations of the Geological Survey of the State of New York, 
by James Hall; A Revision of the Moraines of Minnesota, by J. E. 
Todd ; Origin of the High Terrace Deposits of the Monongahela 
