1892.] Shell Heaps of Florida. 917 
residence long after their completion ; some doubtless cultivat- 
ing them, and hence distance from the surface is a most 
important factor in determining, the origin of shell heap 
relics of all sorts. 
Before proceeding to a detailed account of certain shell heaps 
hitherto unexplored, the writer feels it in justice to himself to 
state that in all excavations conducted by him not one spade- 
ful of debris has been thrown out except in his presence; that 
in no case has he relied on hearsay testimony, and that dimen- 
sions are derived from measurements, and not from estimate.‘ 
LIST OF SHELL HEAPS HITHERTO UNEXPLORED ON, OR NEAR 
THE ST. JOHN’S RIVER, FLORIDA. 
1. Near Whetstone Point, nine miles north of Palatka, west 
bank. 
2. Shell heap three miles north of Palatka, west bank. 
3. Barrentine’s, on Trout Creek. 
4. Sheil Ridge, in swamp half a mile north of Horse 
Landing, east bank. 
5. Shell heap one mile north of Welaka, east bank. 
6. Two shell heaps about half a mile apart, right hand side 
going up Salt Run, Lake George. 
7. Shell heap and fields Hitchen’s Creek, south of Volusia 
Bar. 
8. Large shell heap in swamp near Morrison’s Creek, south 
of Volusia Bar. 
9. Two shell fields near Morrison’s Creek. 
10. Shell bluff near mouth of Blue Creek, south of Volusia 
ar. 
11. Shell heap, Duval’s, Blue Creek. 
12. Mt. Taylor, in swamp east bank of St. John’s, one mile 
south of Volusia. 
-13. Bird’s Island in river, south of Volusia. 
14. Small shell heap west bank, opposite Bluffton. 
15. Shell heaps, ridges and fields, Tick Island on Spring 
Garden Creek, near Lake Dexter. 
*The writer's collection of objects found in the shell heaps may be seen at the 
. Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia. 
