1895.] Archeology and Ethnology. 193 
states to be just double that of the gorilla, and two-thirds that of the 
lowest normal of man, bridging the gap which has long separated the 
latter from the apes. Thus the capacity of the former is 500 cubic 
c. m.; and the latter is 1500 c. c. m. Inthe Java man the capacity 
is 1000 c. c. m. The last upper molar has widely divergent roots as 
in apes and inferior races of man, and the crown is large, with the 
cusps not clearly differentiated, showing a character commonly 
observed in the lower molars of the gorilla. The femur is long, straight, 
and entirely human. 
This important discovery of Dr. DuBois adds materially to our 
knowledge of the physical characters of the paleolithic man, and espe- 
cially to his geographical range. As is well known, his remains have 
been found hitherto in Europe only, (Neanderthal, Spy, Naulette, 
Shipka, etc.), but now it is evident that he ranged over almost the en- 
tire width of the Old Continent. This discovery confirms the anticipa- 
tion expressed by evolutionists, including those published in the Nart- 
URALIST for April, 1893, (The Genealogy of Man), and October, 
1894. 
As regards the proper apellation of this being, Dr. DuBois is not 
entirely happy. He proposes for him a new genus, Pithecanthropus, 
(after Haeckel), and even a new family, Pithecanthropide, without 
having shown that he is not a member of the genus Homo. It is not 
certain that he is not an individual of the species Homo neandertha- 
lensis. His cranial capacity is less, it is true, than that of the man of 
Spy, and it is possible that this really constitutes a character of spe- 
cific value. Disusing then, Dr. DuBois’ name Pithecanthropus, we 
have left as the appellation, Homo erectus DuBois. This name is dis- 
tinctly absurd, as it is applicable to all members of the genus Homo. 
The law of priority, however, requires that we use it in case the species 
is new. 
It is interesting to observe the differences of opinion expressed by 
paleontologists as to this discovery. Prof. Marsh, in a late number of 
the Amer. Journ. of Sci. and Arts, adopts Pithecanthropus and Pithe- 
canthropidee ; while Dr. Lydekker, in Nature, expresses = opinion that. 
the remains belong to a microcephalic idiot.—E. D. Cop 
