1395.] Archeology and Ethnology. 397 
enough for the loam, especially if there was a slight gradual subsidence, 
so as to keep it subject to overflow. The deeper specimens were found 
near the south end, where there are signs of a gully or hollow of some 
kind, which would fill more rapidly than the higher ground, if the 
cause which produced it were removed. 
It is somewhat remarkable that not an arrow-head, weapon or tool 
was found in the excavation, although such articles are not rarely found 
at or near the surface, in the neighborhood. 
In the blue clay, 16 to 20 feet from the surface, and immediately 
overlying the salt, were an immense number of bones, Unfortunately, 
most of these were badly decayed, and the clay very tenacious, so that 
most of them were destroyed. The Avery brothers, however, secured a 
good many of them, in the early stages of the work. Most of these 
they gave to Mr. Mellhenny, the rest to this University. I secured 
several hundred teeth, bones and (mostly) fragments, after reaching 
the ground. These represent the following animals : 
A small Mastodon. 
One or two species of Equus. 
Mylodon harlanii. 
Of these I am pretty certain. It is probable that there are also one, 
or possibly two, other Giant Sloths, a Deer, and possibly an Elephas. 
There are other remains which I cannot name, even conjecturally. 
Of the Mastodon we have two teeth (one badly broken). Here also 
I place an atlas and a number of other vertebre ; but part or all of 
these may belong to Elephas. I was shown a tooth of that genus, said 
to have been found in this shaft. All these remains indicate an animal 
about 8 or 10 feet high. 
To the Giant Sloth I have referred a fragment of an upper jaw, with 
an anterior molar in good order; another fragment of upper jaw much 
broken, with two molars and parts of two others; twenty-five detached 
teeth, many of them broken; two claw cores, nearly complete; a 
humerus, broken in two, with fragments of two other humeri; frag- 
ments of heads of two femurs; lower end of a tibia, and an astragalus. 
Here also I would place, very doubtfully, a number of vertebræ, with 
the visceral face of the body deeply excavated, as if for the lodgment 
of the aorta, with side channels leading nent and left, as if for the pas- 
sage of lateral branches. 
I have referred most of these provisionally to Mylodon harlanii, as 
most of the teeth seem to belong to that species, while the claw cores 
are too much curved for Megatherium, and not enough curved for 
