1895.] Archeology and Ethnology. 507 
more consonant with the facts and with prevalent psycho-physiological 
conceptions. Neither theory, however, has as yet been much used by 
professional psychologists, just as the immense mass of phenomena 
which the theories would account for, is left unnoticed in most of our 
psychological text-books. There can be little doubt that when these 
phenomena are seriously studied by professional psychologists we shall 
find that the conceptions upon which the science is now based are in 
need of extensive modification. “ Mind ” will no longer be a simple, 
indivisible substance upon which the brain acts and which in turn acts 
upon the brain, but will be regarded as an exceedingly complex dyna- 
mic system, every part of which is what it is only by virtue of the then 
constituition of all other parts—a system capable of partial or total 
disintegration and of pathological integration. It is only by recourse 
to some such conception as this that we can hope to explain these 
hitherto unknown phenomena, and bring the laws of mind in line with 
the laws of its material basis, the brain—W. R. NEWBOLD. 
ARCHEOLOGY AND ETHNOLOGY.’ 
Notes on Yucatan.—The expedition sent out in January, by the 
University of Pennsylvania, had, for its object, the discovery of culture- 
layers in the caverns of Yucatan. It was thought that proof of man’s 
antiquity in this part of Central America ought to be established by 
the discovery of refuse beds on the floors of conspicuous, easily-acces- 
sible caves, and a group of these shelters, situated ina mountain range, 
midway between many of the ruined cities, were chosen for explora- 
tion, as probably containing evidences of every race that ever visited 
the Peninsula. 
When these cave floors were cut down to bed rock, and when the 
surface stratum of Maya occupation was sliced through, the work was 
expected to decide whether other earlier epoch-made refuse beds were 
to be encountered before the trenches reached rock bottom? This was 
the main question of the expedition, and the investigation which has, 
in a great degree, settled it, remains to be described in the report pre- 
sently to be published by the University of Pennsylvania. 
The thanks of the University are due Mr. John W. Corwith, of 
Chicago, for placing his time and means at their disposal in the under- 
1This department is edited by H. C. Mercer, University of Pennsylvania. 
